How to correctly identify food additives
2020-08-30 06:12:42
Food
Food additives are substances added for technical purposes in food manufacturing, processing, adjustment, handling, packaging, transportation, and storage. Food additives, as an auxiliary ingredient, may directly or indirectly become food ingredients, but they cannot affect the characteristics of foods. They are substances that do not contain pollutants and do not improve food nutrition.
The second batch of "non-edible substances that may be illegally added in foods" published by the Ministry of Health includes: leather hydrolysates, potassium bromate, beta-lactamase, and dimethyl fumarate.
Leather hydrolysates - Foods that may be added: Dairy products, milk-containing beverages
As the name implies, this illegal additive is the process of hydrolyzing leather with a chemical method. Since the main component of the animal's coat is protein, the hydrolyzed product is called leather hydrolyzed protein, which can be added to food to increase the protein content. Unlike melamine, melamine, although commonly known as "protein essence", is not a real protein. The use of melamine is a hole in protein detection methods. Leather hydrolysates are real proteins. If they are added to dairy products and milk beverages, they are detected. It is more difficult to get up than melamine. The hazard of this leather hydrolyzate is that its raw materials are mainly from the corner wastes of the tannery factories, and the leather corner wastes often contain potassium dichromate and sodium dichromate. The raw materials used to produce hydrolyzed protein are natural. Into the product, absorbed by the body can lead to poisoning, make joints loose and swollen, harming human health.
Potassium bromate - foods that may be added: flour, flour products
Early studies showed that mice fed on brominated bread for up to two years did not show signs of increased risk of oncological or oncological disease. Through research on brominated breads, it was found that bromate was transformed into harmless bromide in the baking process. However, Japanese research has opened up the true colors. Baking tests showed that approximately 50 parts per billion of bromate remained in baked bread. In 1983, the experiment was conducted on mice fed with potassium bromate solution. The final conclusion was that potassium bromate was carcinogenic to rats under the experimental conditions. When the results of the trial were announced, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified potassium bromate as a carcinogen. In a 1992 report by the World Health Organization (WHO), it was inappropriate to use potassium bromate as a flour treatment agent. The results of relevant tests showed that potassium bromate is a carcinogen. Sensitive test methods have confirmed that bromate is still present in bread when potassium bromate is used in the treatment of flour at a level that is considered permissible. However, because potassium bromate has the characteristics of increasing gluten strength, whitening flour, and making poor-quality flours that are easily fermented into bread when it is fermented into bread, it is not easy to collapse, and it is inexpensive, so potassium bromate is still added as a non-food substance by a small number of producers. in.
Beta-lactamases - Foods that may be added: Dairy products, especially "no milk"
Beta-lactamase, as an antibiotic decomposer in milk, was first introduced by scientific researchers as a research result and has a long history. This practice can effectively break down residual beta-lactam antibiotics in milk. But the risk of using beta-lactamase to break down antibiotics in milk is that, first, the safety of beta-lactamase and whether it can be added to foods are not yet conclusive; second, after decomposing beta-lactam drugs, The introduction of other harmful substances; Third, this practice connives the abuse of antibiotics during the feeding of dairy cows.
Dimethyl fumarate - Foods that may be added: pastries, moon cakes, and spicy snack foods
Dimethyl fumarate is a new type of anti-mildew anti-staling agent developed in the United States in the 1980s. It is commonly known as Keshiwang and Kexingxing. It is a dibasic unsaturated fatty acid ester and can inhibit more than 30 molds and yeasts. Bacteria, fungi, and bacteria have a particularly good inhibitory effect on Clostridium botulinum and Aspergillus flavus. Studies have shown that the antibacterial property of dimethyl fumarate is not affected by the pH value, the antibacterial effect is long, the effect is good, and it has the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity, economical and practical, etc. Therefore, it is a new type of antiseptic that has been received both at home and abroad. The food and feed industries attach great importance and are used for the anti-mildew, anti-corrosion, anti-insect, and fresh-keeping of food, beverage, feed, Chinese herbal medicine, cosmetics, fish, meat, vegetables, fruits and other products. Dimethyl fumarate is mostly found in baked goods. Using its fumigation and antibacterial properties, the sublimated dimethyl fumarate will form a gas-inhibiting, small space, but the risk is that many people have this type of volatility. Gas allergic reaction. Therefore, China has banned its use.
There are also some food additives that are legitimate but have security concerns, such as:
Preservatives, product name: sodium acetate. Such as: cheese, cheese, butter, margarine (oil food). Possible Health Effects: Teratogenicity.
Antioxidants, product name: BHA, BHT. Such as: fat, instant noodles, chewing gum, cheese, butter. Possible Health Effects: BHA is identified as a carcinogen and some BHT studies have shown to be carcinogenic.
Artificial sweetener, product name: saccharin, sweetener. Such as: candied fruit, melon seeds, pickled pickles, drinks. Possible health effects: It has been shown by animal tests that it causes bladder cancer.
aspartame. Such as: beverages, chewing gum, candied fruit, sugar substitutes. Possible health effects: Dizziness, headaches, epilepsy, irregular menstruation, impaired metabolism of the baby (people with phenylketonuria can not eat).
Color retention agent, product name: nitrite. Such as: sausage, ham, bacon, bacon, duck, dried fish. Possible health effects: Combines with amines in food to form carcinogenic nitrite amine salts.
Bleach, product name: sulfite. Such as: candied fruit, dehydrated fruits and vegetables, golden needles, shrimp, rock sugar, fresh salads of fruits and vegetables, starch. Possible health effects: May cause urticaria, asthma, diarrhea, vomiting, and cases of death from asthma.
Synthetic pigments, product name: yellow on the 4th. Such as: biscuits, candy, oil noodles, pickled yellow radish, ham, sausages, drinks. Possible health effects: The oil industry product - coal char as raw material synthesis, there are many opportunities for the mixing of harmful substances, its own strong toxicity, there are hidden concerns of carcinogenicity, can cause urticaria, asthma, allergies.
Bactericide, product name: hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide). Such as: tofu, dried beans, vegetarian chicken, pasta, fish paste, meat products, dead chicken (bleached and deodorized). Possible health effects: Stimulate the gastrointestinal mucosa. Eating too much may cause headache, vomiting, and carcinogenicity. The provisions of the food must not be left, not as bleach.
The following are the identification methods for 11 foods containing toxic additives
Dried chili - the color can not choose too bright. The sulfur-smoked dried chili peppers look beautiful, without spots, and the normal dry pepper color is a bit dark; if the hands touch, the hand turns yellow, it is processed by sulfur; the smell of sulphur has been processed and smelled sulphurly.
Kelp - the color is particularly green can not buy. Kelp is fat and green, and it is very bright. It may have been processed with chemicals; the color of kelp is generally brown green or dark brown green.
Mushrooms - white snow translucent mushrooms can not see much to eat. Some mushrooms are white and translucent, and there is no grain and soil. The price is still cheap. It is very likely that they will be bleached with bleach, and they will not be able to eat in the middle. The good mushrooms are grown in the ashes, and it is inevitable that they will be covered with straw ash. And normal mushrooms feel a little sticky, and the bleached mushrooms are just smooth to the touch and won't feel tired.
Water Food - Don't buy a broken hand. Some traders often use formaldehyde or hydrogen peroxide to process water-fed foods. Common water-feeding tendons, water-fed sea cucumbers, and water-fat fish are commonly used. When identifying, first, look, if the color is very white, bulky, should avoid buying and eating; Second, smell, formaldehyde bubble food will leave some irritating odor; Third, touch, with formaldehyde bubble hair food hand Grip is very easy to break.
Shrimp rice - to choose cool dry sticky. Some unscrupulous traders deal with ammonia after the shrimp has become wet, making its surface the same as ordinary shrimp. Therefore, the selection of dried shrimp must be dry, non-sticky, and fresh, with no pungent smell.
Watermelon - Don't Buy White. The yellow and green stripes on the melon skin with hormones are not uniform. After cutting, the melons are particularly bright, but the seeds are white and do not taste sweet.
枸æž--Beware of acid bitterness. The color is particularly bright red and bright may be "toxic cricket", the color is slightly dark, natural earthworms are slightly earthy; "toxic cricket" feels sticky, natural pods are relatively dry, and natural tannins With sweet, and "drug" there is a heavy acid bitter.
Tremella - It's not that the color is whiter, the better. Tremella fume can be removed by sulphur yellow, appearance is full and full, color is particularly white, but the storage time is a little longer, about 10 to 20 days will be due to contact with the air and oxidation to restore the original yellow and red. When you buy the white fungus, you may try something a little. If the tongue feels irritating or spicy, it may be smoked with sulfur.
Black fungus - there may be adulterated adulteration. Fake fungus usually has adulterated taste, if there is astringency, indicating that with alum blisters; salty, is bubbled with salt; with sweet, is mixed with sugar; with alkaline taste, with alkaline blisters Over.
Hair belly - white and big do not eat. The special white hair belly was infused with hydrogen peroxide and formaldehyde. It was easily crushed with a pinch by hand, quickly shrank after heating, and should be avoided. tea
Leaf - Beware of dark colors. The "Biluochun" color is relatively soft, and "Biluochun" with lead-chromium green, which is a chemical raw material, is black, green, and dark. After being boiled with boiled water, the normal "Biluochun" looks soft, bright and looks like a pigment. Dark yellow. In addition, the normal "Biluochun" tea has small white fluff on the tea leaves, and the colored tea leaves have a green fluff.
Food additives are substances added for technical purposes in food manufacturing, processing, adjustment, handling, packaging, transportation, and storage. Food additives, as an auxiliary ingredient, may directly or indirectly become food ingredients, but they cannot affect the characteristics of foods. They are substances that do not contain pollutants and do not improve food nutrition.
The second batch of "non-edible substances that may be illegally added in foods" published by the Ministry of Health includes: leather hydrolysates, potassium bromate, beta-lactamase, and dimethyl fumarate.
Leather hydrolysates - Foods that may be added: Dairy products, milk-containing beverages
As the name implies, this illegal additive is the process of hydrolyzing leather with a chemical method. Since the main component of the animal's coat is protein, the hydrolyzed product is called leather hydrolyzed protein, which can be added to food to increase the protein content. Unlike melamine, melamine, although commonly known as "protein essence", is not a real protein. The use of melamine is a hole in protein detection methods. Leather hydrolysates are real proteins. If they are added to dairy products and milk beverages, they are detected. It is more difficult to get up than melamine. The hazard of this leather hydrolyzate is that its raw materials are mainly from the corner wastes of the tannery factories, and the leather corner wastes often contain potassium dichromate and sodium dichromate. The raw materials used to produce hydrolyzed protein are natural. Into the product, absorbed by the body can lead to poisoning, make joints loose and swollen, harming human health.
Potassium bromate - foods that may be added: flour, flour products
Early studies showed that mice fed on brominated bread for up to two years did not show signs of increased risk of oncological or oncological disease. Through research on brominated breads, it was found that bromate was transformed into harmless bromide in the baking process. However, Japanese research has opened up the true colors. Baking tests showed that approximately 50 parts per billion of bromate remained in baked bread. In 1983, the experiment was conducted on mice fed with potassium bromate solution. The final conclusion was that potassium bromate was carcinogenic to rats under the experimental conditions. When the results of the trial were announced, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified potassium bromate as a carcinogen. In a 1992 report by the World Health Organization (WHO), it was inappropriate to use potassium bromate as a flour treatment agent. The results of relevant tests showed that potassium bromate is a carcinogen. Sensitive test methods have confirmed that bromate is still present in bread when potassium bromate is used in the treatment of flour at a level that is considered permissible. However, because potassium bromate has the characteristics of increasing gluten strength, whitening flour, and making poor-quality flours that are easily fermented into bread when it is fermented into bread, it is not easy to collapse, and it is inexpensive, so potassium bromate is still added as a non-food substance by a small number of producers. in.
Beta-lactamases - Foods that may be added: Dairy products, especially "no milk"
Beta-lactamase, as an antibiotic decomposer in milk, was first introduced by scientific researchers as a research result and has a long history. This practice can effectively break down residual beta-lactam antibiotics in milk. But the risk of using beta-lactamase to break down antibiotics in milk is that, first, the safety of beta-lactamase and whether it can be added to foods are not yet conclusive; second, after decomposing beta-lactam drugs, The introduction of other harmful substances; Third, this practice connives the abuse of antibiotics during the feeding of dairy cows.
Dimethyl fumarate - Foods that may be added: pastries, moon cakes, and spicy snack foods
Dimethyl fumarate is a new type of anti-mildew anti-staling agent developed in the United States in the 1980s. It is commonly known as Keshiwang and Kexingxing. It is a dibasic unsaturated fatty acid ester and can inhibit more than 30 molds and yeasts. Bacteria, fungi, and bacteria have a particularly good inhibitory effect on Clostridium botulinum and Aspergillus flavus. Studies have shown that the antibacterial property of dimethyl fumarate is not affected by the pH value, the antibacterial effect is long, the effect is good, and it has the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity, economical and practical, etc. Therefore, it is a new type of antiseptic that has been received both at home and abroad. The food and feed industries attach great importance and are used for the anti-mildew, anti-corrosion, anti-insect, and fresh-keeping of food, beverage, feed, Chinese herbal medicine, cosmetics, fish, meat, vegetables, fruits and other products. Dimethyl fumarate is mostly found in baked goods. Using its fumigation and antibacterial properties, the sublimated dimethyl fumarate will form a gas-inhibiting, small space, but the risk is that many people have this type of volatility. Gas allergic reaction. Therefore, China has banned its use.
There are also some food additives that are legitimate but have security concerns, such as:
Preservatives, product name: sodium acetate. Such as: cheese, cheese, butter, margarine (oil food). Possible Health Effects: Teratogenicity.
Antioxidants, product name: BHA, BHT. Such as: fat, instant noodles, chewing gum, cheese, butter. Possible Health Effects: BHA is identified as a carcinogen and some BHT studies have shown to be carcinogenic.
Artificial sweetener, product name: saccharin, sweetener. Such as: candied fruit, melon seeds, pickled pickles, drinks. Possible health effects: It has been shown by animal tests that it causes bladder cancer.
aspartame. Such as: beverages, chewing gum, candied fruit, sugar substitutes. Possible health effects: Dizziness, headaches, epilepsy, irregular menstruation, impaired metabolism of the baby (people with phenylketonuria can not eat).
Color retention agent, product name: nitrite. Such as: sausage, ham, bacon, bacon, duck, dried fish. Possible health effects: Combines with amines in food to form carcinogenic nitrite amine salts.
Bleach, product name: sulfite. Such as: candied fruit, dehydrated fruits and vegetables, golden needles, shrimp, rock sugar, fresh salads of fruits and vegetables, starch. Possible health effects: May cause urticaria, asthma, diarrhea, vomiting, and cases of death from asthma.
Synthetic pigments, product name: yellow on the 4th. Such as: biscuits, candy, oil noodles, pickled yellow radish, ham, sausages, drinks. Possible health effects: The oil industry product - coal char as raw material synthesis, there are many opportunities for the mixing of harmful substances, its own strong toxicity, there are hidden concerns of carcinogenicity, can cause urticaria, asthma, allergies.
Bactericide, product name: hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide). Such as: tofu, dried beans, vegetarian chicken, pasta, fish paste, meat products, dead chicken (bleached and deodorized). Possible health effects: Stimulate the gastrointestinal mucosa. Eating too much may cause headache, vomiting, and carcinogenicity. The provisions of the food must not be left, not as bleach.
The following are the identification methods for 11 foods containing toxic additives
Dried chili - the color can not choose too bright. The sulfur-smoked dried chili peppers look beautiful, without spots, and the normal dry pepper color is a bit dark; if the hands touch, the hand turns yellow, it is processed by sulfur; the smell of sulphur has been processed and smelled sulphurly.
Kelp - the color is particularly green can not buy. Kelp is fat and green, and it is very bright. It may have been processed with chemicals; the color of kelp is generally brown green or dark brown green.
Mushrooms - white snow translucent mushrooms can not see much to eat. Some mushrooms are white and translucent, and there is no grain and soil. The price is still cheap. It is very likely that they will be bleached with bleach, and they will not be able to eat in the middle. The good mushrooms are grown in the ashes, and it is inevitable that they will be covered with straw ash. And normal mushrooms feel a little sticky, and the bleached mushrooms are just smooth to the touch and won't feel tired.
Water Food - Don't buy a broken hand. Some traders often use formaldehyde or hydrogen peroxide to process water-fed foods. Common water-feeding tendons, water-fed sea cucumbers, and water-fat fish are commonly used. When identifying, first, look, if the color is very white, bulky, should avoid buying and eating; Second, smell, formaldehyde bubble food will leave some irritating odor; Third, touch, with formaldehyde bubble hair food hand Grip is very easy to break.
Shrimp rice - to choose cool dry sticky. Some unscrupulous traders deal with ammonia after the shrimp has become wet, making its surface the same as ordinary shrimp. Therefore, the selection of dried shrimp must be dry, non-sticky, and fresh, with no pungent smell.
Watermelon - Don't Buy White. The yellow and green stripes on the melon skin with hormones are not uniform. After cutting, the melons are particularly bright, but the seeds are white and do not taste sweet.
枸æž--Beware of acid bitterness. The color is particularly bright red and bright may be "toxic cricket", the color is slightly dark, natural earthworms are slightly earthy; "toxic cricket" feels sticky, natural pods are relatively dry, and natural tannins With sweet, and "drug" there is a heavy acid bitter.
Tremella - It's not that the color is whiter, the better. Tremella fume can be removed by sulphur yellow, appearance is full and full, color is particularly white, but the storage time is a little longer, about 10 to 20 days will be due to contact with the air and oxidation to restore the original yellow and red. When you buy the white fungus, you may try something a little. If the tongue feels irritating or spicy, it may be smoked with sulfur.
Black fungus - there may be adulterated adulteration. Fake fungus usually has adulterated taste, if there is astringency, indicating that with alum blisters; salty, is bubbled with salt; with sweet, is mixed with sugar; with alkaline taste, with alkaline blisters Over.
Hair belly - white and big do not eat. The special white hair belly was infused with hydrogen peroxide and formaldehyde. It was easily crushed with a pinch by hand, quickly shrank after heating, and should be avoided. tea
Leaf - Beware of dark colors. The "Biluochun" color is relatively soft, and "Biluochun" with lead-chromium green, which is a chemical raw material, is black, green, and dark. After being boiled with boiled water, the normal "Biluochun" looks soft, bright and looks like a pigment. Dark yellow. In addition, the normal "Biluochun" tea has small white fluff on the tea leaves, and the colored tea leaves have a green fluff.
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