Chicken pox and its prevention
Chicken pox is an acute, hot, and contagious disease of chickens. The condition is characterized by the occurrence of pimples on the skin of hairless or less hairy areas and the formation of a cellulose necrosis pseudomembrane in the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and throat. This disease is extremely prevalent in large chicken farms and is more harmful to chicks.
Chickenpox can occur throughout the year in chickens, especially in autumn and winter. Skin type fowlpox is more common in autumn and early winter, and diphtheria type fowlpox is more common in winter. In flock of broilers, fowlpox is also common in summer. Chickens are infected with chickenpox irrespective of age, sex, and breed; chicks and middle-aged chickens, however, are most susceptible to infection, and chicks have a high mortality rate after developing chickenpox.
Chickenpox is infected through skin or mucous membrane wounds, but it cannot be infected by healthy skin, nor can it be transmitted orally. Mosquitoes and other blood-sucking insects play an important role in infectious chicken pox disease. After a mosquito has sucked the blood of a diseased chicken, it can take up to 10 to 30 days of poisoning. During this period, chickens that are susceptible are infected by the infected mosquitoes. In addition, chicken fights, armpit hair, mating and other injuries caused by the house, overcrowded hen house, poor ventilation, moisture, ectoparasites, lack of vitamins, etc., can promote the occurrence of the disease and exacerbate the condition.
Prevention
1. Prevention. In addition to general preventive measures such as health management to strengthen flock, the most reliable method for the prevention of fowlpox is vaccination. Currently, the fowlpoxation attenuated vaccine is used, diluted with 50% glycerin saline or physiological saline. 100-200 times after the application, the day is used up. The specific method is: using a sterile pen tip to draw a diluted vaccine solution, subcutaneously under the chicken wings under the skin of the thorn species, 6 days old chicks, stabbed once with 200-fold dilution; over 20 days of age Chickens were bred once with 100-fold dilutions; chickens over 1 month old could be bred twice with a 100-fold diluted vaccine. After inoculation, the punctured parts of 3 to 4 days appeared slightly swollen and crusted, and the lumps fell off in 2 to 3 weeks, indicating that the sting was successful.
2. Control. Symptomatic treatment is used to reduce the symptoms of chickens and prevent complications. For pimples on the skin, use a clean tweezers to carefully peel off the wound with iodine, mercury or gentian violet. Diphtheria type fowlpox can be used to peel off the pseudomembranous membrane of the oral mucous membrane. After washing with 1% potassium permanganate solution, apply the affected area with iodine glycerin, chloramphenicol ointment, and cod liver oil. If there is swelling in the eye of the affected chicken eye, the eyeball is still damaged. The cheese-like material accumulated in the eye can be squeezed out, then rinsed with 2% boric acid solution or 1% potassium permanganate, and then dropped into 5% protein silver solution. In the treatment of fowl pox, it should be noted that the peeled off pseudomembranes, pockies or cheese-like substances should all be burned or buried. It is forbidden to throw them in order to prevent spread of infection.
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