Management Technique of Zaoyuan in the Late Autumn and Early Winter
Plow the date garden. Jujube forests intertwined with jujube and grain intercropping are used to deeply plunge the soil between the plant spacing and under the canopy; if no intercropping is done, the whole garden should be ploughed, and in particular, the soil within the projected area under the canopy must be deeply turned. The closer to the trunk, the shallower the plough should be, the farther away from the trunk, the deeper the ploughing, generally 15-30 cm is appropriate. In this way, the wintering insects and eggs can be turned over and frozen to death. This management measure can reduce the damage caused by many pests such as Zaojiao, Zaozhimo, Jujube Mosquito, beetles, red spider, chafer and peach borer.
Reapply base fertilizer. The application period of the basal fertilizer is most suitable after the harvest from the date of jujube and before the deciduous, and it is generally performed in the middle and early October. General growth results of the tree plant organic fertilizer 30-80 kg, while mixed with 0.2-0.4 kg of urea, superphosphate 0.5-1.0 kg; Sheng fruit tree plant organic fertilizer 100-200 kg, while incorporating urea 0.4- 0.8 kg, 1.0-2.5 kg of superphosphate.
Winter trim. Jujube tree pruning can make the tree structure reasonable, improve the ventilation and light conditions of the tree body and nutrient distribution in the body, so as to achieve the purpose of early date, high yield, stable production and high quality of jujube trees.
(1) Results Initial pruning of jujube trees: This period of the crown has not yet been formed, and vegetative growth is still dominant. Pruning during this period should be based on sparse, retractive, short-cutting, and cultivation, and pruning should be carried out according to the principle of “four stays and five staysâ€. "Four stays" means that the peripheral jujube heads should be left; the jujube heads on the backbone branches should be kept; the jujube heads with strong development and promising development should be kept; the jujube heads with a large number of secondary branches and jujube stocks and strong result abilities must be left. "Five not stay" refers to drooping branches and weak branches that do not stay, slender oblique branches and overlapping branches do not stay, pests and dead branches do not stay, improper and unpractical leggy branches do not stay, round branches, cross branches, And branches and leggy branches do not stay.
(2) Jujube pruning at full fruit period: The canopy has already formed at this stage, the growth potential is weakened, the canopy is basically stable, and the result is strong. At the late stage, the tip of the stem was gradually bent and cross-grooved, and the internal hemorrhoid gradually withered. The resulting site shifted outward. Therefore, pruning should be combined with the method of loosening, opening the light path, irradiating light into the pupa, cultivating the inner lychee, preventing the internal shoots from dying and the resulting parts being moved outwards, paying attention to the culturing and renewal of the twigs, and extending the result years.
(3) Pruning of old jujube trees: With the increase of tree age, the backbone branches gradually wither, the crown becomes smaller, the growth becomes significantly weaker, the growth of the jujube head is small, the jujube hangs short, and the result capacity is significantly reduced. This old tree needs to be updated and trimmed to rejuvenate the tree. The degree of updating depends on the number of effective date stocks (ie live stocks). Jujube tree should be renewed when it is valid between 300-500 jujube stocks. It is to select the outgrowth stock on the backbone branch, saw the total length of the stem branches 1/2-2/3, and stop the tree growing and raising trees. 2-3 years; when the effective date stocks are between 500-1000, they can be updated in medium time, 1/4-1/3 of the total length of the stem branches will be sawed off, and the trees will be kept for 1-2 years; the effective date stocks will be at 1000- At 1500 hours, it can be lightly renewed, sawing out 1/7 to 1/5 of the total length of the stem, and opening it as usual.
Remove the old bark. Some jujube pests such as jujube armyworm, jujube leaf acacia, red spider and so on mostly in the jujube bark seam winter, scrape off the jujube tree old skin in winter, can eliminate the overwintering pests.
Prevent pests and diseases. Before the winter or early spring germination, the whole park sprayed 3-5 degrees lime sulfur mixture and eradicated some wintering germs and pests. A serious jujube garden can be removed by the method of brushing and rubbing. The water can also be sprayed on the shoots to prevent and control. When the water is frozen, the poles can be beaten with poles. The turtle can be used together with the ice film. Falling off, the control effect is also very good.
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