Factory cultured gingiva safe summer

At present, high-density industrialized aquaculture of gingiva is flourishing in our country. However, how to survive the high temperature period in summer has become the key to the development of the entire aquaculture production. According to the living habits of gingiva, the appropriate water temperature is 22 to 24°C, preferably not more than 28°C. However, during the hot summer season, the water temperature often exceeds 28°C. At this time, it is a season in which many bacteria, viruses, and parasites multiply. This is indeed a very dangerous period for the high-density factory culture of dental carp. After several years of breeding trials, we have taken the following measures to make the gingiva safe. First, use underground freshwater to cool down, reduce salt and reduce the incidence rate. Because the temperature of fresh water under deep wells is generally around 15°C, adding appropriate amount of fresh water can reduce the temperature to a safe range. In addition, there is less freshwater bacteria in the wellbore, which can dilute the number of bacteria and parasites in the seawater. In addition, due to changes in temperature, the reproduction of disease microorganisms in seawater can also be controlled. Second, increase the amount of water. For factories with good conditions, recycled water can be used. If this condition is not available, water can be changed twice a day. The best time is at 4:00 am and 2:00 pm, which makes it easier to control the indoor temperature. Third, disease prevention. Disease prevention is extremely important in the summer, because once the disease occurs, even if it is treated promptly, it will result in some losses. Moreover, summer is the season in which various kinds of disease microorganisms multiply, and prevention of negligence will certainly cause serious losses. 1. Outdoor seawater treatment. If there are two primary sedimentation tanks, bleaching powder can be splashed and used after disinfection. 2. Indoor pool water treatment. Antimicrobial agents such as nitrofurazone, furazolidone, norfloxacin, etc., or 1-1.510-6, or antiparasitic agents, such as formaldehyde 25-5010-6 or copper sulfate 0.7-110-6, may be used, but the best method is When changing water, freshwater baths are regularly performed, as the gills are resistant to low salt and are safe for 2 hours in fresh water. 3. Medicine bait. Tetracycline can be added to the diet every day for 5 to 75 mg/kg for 10 days. Stable Vc feed 500-1000mg/kg diet, not only has a disease-resistant effect, but also can promote growth, increase the body's own immune function. 4. Observe the microscope carefully. Once abnormalities are found, diagnose and treat as soon as possible, isolate diseased fish and remove dead fish in time. 5. Minimize stocking density and increase water exchange. Fourth, the treatment of diseases. Parasitic diseases that often occur in summer are as follows: 1. Cryptomonassis (water white spot disease) Pathogen: Cryptocaryon irritans. It is also called Ichthyophthirius marinus. Adult eggs oval or spherical, the optimum water temperature 25-30 °C. Symptoms: The diseased fish and body surface particles are increased, forming a layer of turbid albuginea. The skin is a bit like hyperemia, and even agitation occurs. The diseased fish eat poorly, and the body is dark, and sometimes they swim slowly on the water layer. A large number of parasites can cause a large number of deaths of gums in a short period of time. Treatment: 5-10cm gingiva, first placed in freshwater for 1-1.5h, then immersed in 1-1.510-6 copper sulphate for 3-4h for 3 days, or 25010-6 formalin for 30min , and then maintain the concentration of 5010-6. 2. Trichodonissis (Trichodina sp.) Pathogen: Trichodina sp. The worm has a wheel-like, toothed ring and rotates like a wheel. The high water temperature period from June to October is usually 10-20cm. Juvenile fish, and often secondary to bacterial disease, the worms mature at 22–29°C for 24h, completing one cycle. Illness: When a large number of parasites are parasited, the skin of the fish is darkened and the mucus on the body surface is clouded. If bacteria are also infected, it can cause skin ulcers. Treatment: Use 12010-6 formalin aerated bath for 1 h for 2-2 consecutive days. 3. Shield ciliate disease (scuticociliatidasis) Pathogen: a rotophile species, teardrop-shaped body cilia, active and lively. Symptoms: often parasitized on the body surface, calluses, but also subcutaneous, brain, heart, etc., diseased fish poor food intake, body color is black, often slow swimming in the water layer. Control methods: freshwater bath 1h or formalin 100-15010-6 soak 30min, maintain 5010-6 concentration, 2-3 days can be cured. 4. Ichthyobodiasis (Ichthyobodiasis) Pathogen: A kind of animal flagellate of the genus Podospirillum. The body of the insect is pear-shaped, and the body of the free-swimming worm is flat oval, mostly at a water temperature of about 25°C. Water temperature occurs, mainly threatening juvenile larvae 3-15cm. Symptoms: The worm is often parasitized on the silk, but there is generally no adult on the body surface, poor feeding, slow swimming, and ascites storage in the abdominal cavity. Prevention methods: 25010-6 formalin aerated medicine bath 0.5-1h, can kill adults. 5. Benedeniasis Pathogen: Benedenia SPP, oval in shape, dorsoventral, size 5.53.1-6.63.9mm, growth temperature 22-26°C. Symptoms: The parasite is parasitized on the surface of the fish, the epidermis is whitened, the parasites are inflamed, and the diseased fish is mad. In severe cases, the fish can be anemic and die. Control methods: Bathing with fresh water for 5-10 minutes, the worm body can fall off, or 25010-6 formalin bath for 10 minutes. 6. Ascites: The pathogen is Edwardsidlla tarda or Aeromonas hydrophila Gram-negative, the abdomen of the diseased fish is swollen, the redness of the anus is dilated, and the anatomical abdomen can see hemorrhagic ascites. Congestion, kidney hypertrophy. Treatment: Use chloramphenicol, tetracycline or norfloxacin to make baits with 1g per kilogram of bait, and feed for 5-days or Quanchiposa Furazolidone 1.5-210-6. 7. Sliding away bacterial pathogens: Flexibacter maritimus is gram-negative, with an optimal temperature of 30°C, which often causes juvenile death. Diseased fish fins, skin rot and necrosis. Treatment: oral sulfonamides 200-400mg/kg or Quanchiposa 1 - 210-6 at the beginning of the disease. Streptococcus sp. Gram-negative pathogens are Streptococcus spp. mainly infecting juveniles, mostly in summer high temperature period. Symptoms: The diseased fish's eyeballs are turbid, congestive, and prominent. The interstitial membranes are covered with soft interstitial membranes, redness, and congested upper and lower limbs. Hydrolysis can be found in the abdominal cavity, inflammation of the intestine, and hepatic hemorrhage. Treatment: erythromycin baits 25-50mg/kg fish, or doxycycline 25-50mg/kg fish. Viral diseases: There are no specific treatments for the viral diseases of gums, but prevention is the main method. In short, by improving and optimizing the breeding ecological environment, improving the feeding and management mode, focusing on prevention, reducing gum disease, and increasing disease resistance, you can safely spend the summer period.

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