Lawn Spring Maintenance Management (2)
Warm and humid climate zone refers to the tropical/subtropical regions such as Southwest China, South China, and East China. Planting warm-season turfgrass, such as bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, carpetgrass, and falsegrass. These grass species are limited to growth under warm weather conditions. Therefore, when they are maintained and managed, they must be adjusted according to the temperature. In addition to the need to take stringent measures to prevent excessive trampling of the lawn, the following conservation management measures are also required:
1. Repairing Damaged Turf: The rainfall in this area is very abundant and the water level is high. Therefore, turfgrass will die due to poor drainage, soil erosion, and man-made damage. Therefore, it is required to evaluate the damaged lawn as soon as possible. So that timely measures can be taken to repair it. Most of the warm-season turf grasses rely on rhizomes or stolons for their ability to reproduce vegetatively. For example, under the appropriate temperature, humidity, and soil conditions, Bermudagrass has an average daily growth rate of 0.9 cm and a height of up to 1.4 cm. Transplanting method is often used for repairing. Immediately after transplanting, it should be filled with water to facilitate its rapid growth and coverage. When using live seed repair, due to the higher seed solidity rate, seedling growth is extremely slow, sowing time should be as early as possible, so that it can be successfully established after a relatively long spring. However, the average temperature required for warm-season turfgrass seed germination is generally 15-18°C, so the best sowing time should be as soon as the temperature reaches the temperature needed for seed germination.
2. Loosing the soil: Soils in warm and humid areas are mostly clay loam, clay or heavy clay. They themselves are tight and have poor permeability. With the influence of human factors, the soil will become tighter. Therefore, it is very important to loosen the soil. . This will help improve the infiltration of rainwater and fertilizers, and stimulate the growth of deep roots. Loose soil should be arranged before fertilization or remediation, so that when the spring rain comes and the temperature is appropriate, turfgrass can quickly enter a vigorous growth stage, thereby effectively suppressing the growth of weeds and preventing the occurrence of diseases.
3. Fertilization: The soil in this area usually requires a lot of fertilization. Spring fertilization is the most effective period. Therefore, it is better to add topdressing before the turfgrass shows signs of growth. The application rate is 6-10kg/100m2, and the appropriate nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The ratio is 5:3:2, in which the content of long-term nitrogen fertilizer should account for more than 50% of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. It is worth noting that the acidic soils in humid areas are common, coupled with the use of chemical fertilizers, leaching of precipitation and irrigation, and the removal of turfgrasses containing large amounts of calcium, which increases the acidity of the soil and thus affects the turfgrass. Normal growth. Therefore, it is best to apply finely-ground limestone once a year. The application amount is generally 10kg/100m2. However, in order to ensure the accuracy of limestone application, soil testing should be conducted in advance.
4. Rolling: Because the surface soil rarely freezes, generally no rolling is required. Irregular soil surface caused by surface excretion caused by earthworm excrement, plutonium piles, etc. The better treatment method is to use insecticide to kill insects first. , Then use a ripper to break the mound and sprinkle it. For local low-lying areas, use the screened topsoil or the compost to fill it, and then use the smashing. The turfgrass planted with Zoysia grass is very prone to mounding and uneven when the management conditions are poor. At this time, it is not due to uneven land. Therefore, other managements need to be strengthened without rolling.
5. Pruning: Pruning is the same for all turfgrasses, however, warm-season turfgrass is not sensitive to low pruning and no cool-season turfgrass. Warm season turfgrass is usually trimmed in the middle of April and late in mid-April and when turfgrass is growing vigorously, the trimming height is generally about 3-5cm, so that the lawn is kept low and dense. However, in the spring, avoid excessive trimming, because this will reduce the synthesis of nutrients, and thus hinder the development of the turfgrass root system in spring. The sparse and shallow root system formed by pruning on the ground in the spring will definitely weaken the performance of turfgrass throughout the growing season. When the cut grass is too much, it should be cleared out in time to avoid the breeding of diseases. If the maintenance and management level is high, regular pruning should begin as soon as possible, that is, pruning every 10-15 days.
6. Disease prevention and treatment: Diseases that are prone to occur in the spring include: Fusarium wilt, rust, leaf spot, and root rot, etc. The factors causing the occurrence and spread of these diseases are: The turfgrass residues that have been pruned are not cleared in time, under warm weather conditions. Excessive wetting, soil flooding, and its lack of good drainage capacity, etc., the best prevention and control methods are to strengthen management, control the amount of irrigation and irrigation times. If a disease is found to occur, then use a bactericide to prevent and treat, such as ketopromethazine, captan, dimectin, chlorothalonil or benomyl and so on.
7. Weed control: The main strategies for the control of weeds are as follows: 1) Use the natural competition principle to create conditions suitable for the growth of turfgrass that are not conducive to the growth of weeds, and achieve the purpose of continuous control. 2) Reduce the chance of invasion of weed seeds. 3) Use herbicides to control weeds. Therefore, strengthening grassland conservation and management is the most effective measure for the continuous control of weeds. At the same time, long-term use of herbicides will also have a detrimental effect on turfgrass itself. However, when weeds are a serious hazard, chemical control is still a necessary method of prevention. The common annual weeds in the area mainly include crabgrass, goosegrass, green foxtail, and Hunan wolfberry. Before the turfgrass returns to the green, we can use the flufenaceta, diglucan, dipyridam, and cyclopentan for these weeds. Such as control, the latter with hyperthyroidism sodium and other control; common broadleaf weeds such as dandelion, front and Potentilla, etc., generally with 2,4-D herbicide can be controlled. Note that do not reuse a herbicide. Not only will the weeds produce resistance, but it will also seriously damage the turfgrass.
8. Irrigation: Most warm-season turfgrasses have strong drought resistance and, in addition, there are abundant precipitation in the area, so generally do not need irrigation, but in areas with spring drought or lawns that are frequently used (such as sports turf ) Water should be promptly filled to make up for the lack of precipitation.
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