Causes and Countermeasures of Citrus's Decrepitation in Winter and Spring
2019-06-05 15:03:23
In recent years, the orange orchard in Yiling City, Yichang City, Hubei Province, has a large number of defoliation events in winter and spring. The specific characteristics are as follows: First, the low-altitude flat land is heavier than the hilly slope; second, the sand land is heavier than the soil; Third, the tree with a large amount of results weighs more than the appropriate number of trees. Fourth, trees with partial nitrogen fertilizers are more important than trees with reasonable fertilization. Fifth, the unreasonable prevention and control of pests is more important than reasonable pest control. Sixthly, it is more important than delaying harvesting. The fruit trees are harvested in proper period; Seventh, it is more timely to fertilize the fruit after fruit-picking than to fruit-picking. Eighth, the tree is weaker than the tree-strong.
I. Causes and Analysis
1, pest damage. The main manifestations are anthrax, maculopathy, red-yellow spiders, long-horned cows, etc., especially anthrax and maculopathy are the most likely to cause defoliation of orange trees in winter and spring. In production, most citrus farmers in this area pay attention to the prevention and control of various pests and diseases. The growth of citrus trees is robust, and individual orange farmers do not pay attention to scientific education. Unfair and timely prevention and control of diseases such as anthrax causes the dried leaves of citrus. Fall off.
2, cold freezing injury. Freezing damage is the main reason for the occurrence of litter in winter and spring. In winter, the temperature is abnormal, there is too much snow and rain, and the temperature drops. It is prone to large areas of freezing, resulting in large areas of litter. In the spring, the abnormal climate (cold winter) and the litter fall. Strong tree vigor, strong resistance, lighter or mostly free from freezing. After the citrus is overloaded, the tree vigor is weakened, the cold air at the bottom of the depression is easy to be deposited, and the temperature difference between day and night in the sand land is large.
3, drought damage. Drought can easily lead to poor growth and development of autumn shoots, and is prone to frost damage and pests. The lack of soil moisture is not easy to resist the adverse effects of low-temperature cold waves, and even the physiological drought caused by low temperature and drought, resulting in citrus litter. This phenomenon is very common in sandy lands and steep slopes. Orange trees suffer most.
4, improper cultivation. Low temperatures, droughts, and pests and diseases are the direct causes of citrus litter in this area. Improper cultivation and management measures are the root causes of weakening tree vigor and weakening resistance. Such as autumn shoots are not enriched, delayed harvest led to excessive consumption of tree nutrients, overload or post-harvest fertilizer fertilization, do not pay attention to the winter before the drug garden, not timely prevention and control of anthrax and other pests and diseases, and the use of high concentration of stone in winter Sulfur compounds, engine oil emulsion gardens, etc. These improper cultivation and management techniques will lead to the production of litter in winter and spring.
Second, countermeasures and suggestions
1. Strengthen cultivation and management, increase organic fertilizer, strengthen tree vigor, and enhance the resilience of the tree.
2, to strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases. The focus is on the prevention and control of anthrax, maculopathy, red spider, and yellow spider. The first is to do a good job in the Qingyuan Garden before the winter, combine the winter cuts, cut off the dead branches of the pests, clear the fallen leaves and burn them, lower the number of pests and diseases, and reduce the pests and diseases. The second is to avoid the use of high-concentration medicaments in the disinfection of clear gardens in winter so as not to aggravate the loss of old leaves and coking of the leaves.
3. Strengthen protection against freezing damage and drought. Before freezing injury and drought, first, irrigation of orange orchard can reduce its harm, and second, it can be sprayed with steam protection agent.
I. Causes and Analysis
1, pest damage. The main manifestations are anthrax, maculopathy, red-yellow spiders, long-horned cows, etc., especially anthrax and maculopathy are the most likely to cause defoliation of orange trees in winter and spring. In production, most citrus farmers in this area pay attention to the prevention and control of various pests and diseases. The growth of citrus trees is robust, and individual orange farmers do not pay attention to scientific education. Unfair and timely prevention and control of diseases such as anthrax causes the dried leaves of citrus. Fall off.
2, cold freezing injury. Freezing damage is the main reason for the occurrence of litter in winter and spring. In winter, the temperature is abnormal, there is too much snow and rain, and the temperature drops. It is prone to large areas of freezing, resulting in large areas of litter. In the spring, the abnormal climate (cold winter) and the litter fall. Strong tree vigor, strong resistance, lighter or mostly free from freezing. After the citrus is overloaded, the tree vigor is weakened, the cold air at the bottom of the depression is easy to be deposited, and the temperature difference between day and night in the sand land is large.
3, drought damage. Drought can easily lead to poor growth and development of autumn shoots, and is prone to frost damage and pests. The lack of soil moisture is not easy to resist the adverse effects of low-temperature cold waves, and even the physiological drought caused by low temperature and drought, resulting in citrus litter. This phenomenon is very common in sandy lands and steep slopes. Orange trees suffer most.
4, improper cultivation. Low temperatures, droughts, and pests and diseases are the direct causes of citrus litter in this area. Improper cultivation and management measures are the root causes of weakening tree vigor and weakening resistance. Such as autumn shoots are not enriched, delayed harvest led to excessive consumption of tree nutrients, overload or post-harvest fertilizer fertilization, do not pay attention to the winter before the drug garden, not timely prevention and control of anthrax and other pests and diseases, and the use of high concentration of stone in winter Sulfur compounds, engine oil emulsion gardens, etc. These improper cultivation and management techniques will lead to the production of litter in winter and spring.
Second, countermeasures and suggestions
1. Strengthen cultivation and management, increase organic fertilizer, strengthen tree vigor, and enhance the resilience of the tree.
2, to strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases. The focus is on the prevention and control of anthrax, maculopathy, red spider, and yellow spider. The first is to do a good job in the Qingyuan Garden before the winter, combine the winter cuts, cut off the dead branches of the pests, clear the fallen leaves and burn them, lower the number of pests and diseases, and reduce the pests and diseases. The second is to avoid the use of high-concentration medicaments in the disinfection of clear gardens in winter so as not to aggravate the loss of old leaves and coking of the leaves.
3. Strengthen protection against freezing damage and drought. Before freezing injury and drought, first, irrigation of orange orchard can reduce its harm, and second, it can be sprayed with steam protection agent.
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