Cultured Red Chek Crawfish Test
2019-06-04 05:03:44
Red-claw crayfish, known as Australia's lobster after its introduction into China, was originally a wild species in Australia. In 1971, Australia began artificial breeding. Its appearance resembles that of lobster and is one of the finest freshwater cultured shrimps in the world. In June 1990, Niuwan Town, Xinhui City, Guangdong Province introduced breeding and breeding from Australia. On April 27, 1995, we introduced 150-200 grams of broodstock to the sea from the mouth of Shuikou Town, Pingshan City, Guangdong Province on April 27, 1995. 86 of 7-10 cm shrimp (10 were dead) and introduced 7-10 cm on May 25. There are 1850 shrimp species (of which 200 are dead). The ratio of male to female is 1:1. The experimental observations are now reported as follows:
First, the biological characteristics Red ancesal crayfish belonging to Decapoda, quasi crayfish, light shell shrimp, general individual 100-200 grams, the largest individual up to 500 grams. The body color is mosaic brown green, the head and chest are evenly connected with the abdomen, and the outside is covered with a hard shell. Five pairs of chest and foot, the first pair of special developed chest specializing as a powerful chela, male chela more developed than females. There is a membranous bright red band on the outer side of the chelate, which is the second sexual characteristic difference between male and female. Two male genitalia, born in the base of the fifth pair of feet, one left and right, showing a transparent protrusion of 0.5 cm long; female genitals are at the base of the third pair of chest feet, one on each side, and are rounded There is a film covering the mouth. The Australian lobster tail has five powerful tail fans and three outer rims. The middle tablet is small. In the egg-holding period and hatching period, the tail-scallops are all curved inwards, and the eggs adhering to the abdomen are held in the abdomen. The female shrimps are protected against damage to the fertilized eggs and young shrimps when crawling or receiving enemies. This is the distinction between holding eggs and not holding eggs.
The shrimp is dark and afraid of light. Camp crawl life. Under normal conditions, it hides in deep water perches during the day. There is little activity for food; in the evening, activities begin, and most gather in shallow water to crawl and feed. When frightened when searching for a spouse, he flees back into deep water; he crawls forward during feeding and activity. Frightened or bouncing back and forth when encountering enemy. Happy living water new water, when the environment is not suitable, it will be inhabited on the edge of the pond. It has a wide adaptability, can tolerate harsh environments, water temperature can survive 5-35 °C. Omnivorous, wide source of feed.
Juvenile larvae shelled once every 1-2 days within two weeks of leaving the mother. After the shrimp is shelled once every 4-6 days in 3-4 weeks, the quick and slow shelling is determined by factors such as the growth and accumulation of shrimp, physiological conditions, environmental adaptation, and the quality of the water. It was observed that the shrimp shelled 25 times in a lifetime. The shrimp, 15 cm in length, can escape from the scene from the beginning of shelling to the hardening of the shell, a total of 15 minutes. Shelling takes place at night in the shallow water.
The development of the egg: Oval, the female shrimps are discharged to the abdomen immediately after sexual maturity and adhere to the abdominal foot. Begin the egg into pale yellow, turn to brownish red, juvenile shrimp shell out, cycle 15-40 days. The hatching time of juvenile shrimp is closely related to temperature and water temperature. Water temperature and high temperature have short incubation time and vice versa. Under the same conditions, the amount of eggs held by the broodstock is closely proportional to the length of the breastplate. The relationship is Y=7.5X2, 20X-40, and Y is the amount of eggs (grain) and X is the length of the head breast (cm). The newly hatched juvenile shrimp began to adhere to the mother and was protected by the broodstock and left the mother body completely for about one week.
The shrimp has six tentacles on its head and grows with its length. The tentacles are composed of countless knots. The near head is thick, the tip is small and sharp, and the sensitivity is very high. The two tentacles at the outer edge of the head are particularly thick and long, generally one third longer than the body length, and four short beards perched in the middle. At the time of normal crawling, six tentacles are in front. If frightened or attacked, two long touches must be bent towards the tail to prevent the tail from being attacked by the enemy.
Second, artificial propagation from the shrimp seedlings to sexual maturity takes about a year (I winter age), under the conditions of adaptation, breeding twice a year. In January to January every year, the water temperature reaches above 20 °C. After the overwintering broodstock, when the water temperature rises, the gonadal development is very rapid. After the water temperature rises to 20°C, the female shrimp starts to hold eggs. If the water temperature continues to rise to 25-27°C, it will develop into shrimp after 25-45 days. , and then cultivate for 20 days. It can grow up to 2cm in length (in Niuwan Town, Xinhui, Guangdong Province. It can spawn in mid-May and it can also produce eggs once in August). One month prior to spawning, the male and female co-feeders should be reared separately. If the egg-bearing shrimp is in an uncomfortable water temperature, or is suddenly frightened, the egg will be separated from the mother and will not continue to develop and die, even jeopardizing the life of the female shrimp. According to the test, the ratio of male to female is better than 1:4. The body length of 9 cm females lays 600 eggs and 8 cm produces 500 eggs. Spawning 400 eggs at 7 cm, spawning 300 at 6 cm and l00 at 4 cm.
The egg-holding shrimps gather in dark holes in shallow water, and they have strong water repellency. This feature can be used to catch egg-holding shrimps in the evening for artificial hatching.
The cultivation of broodstock is the key to artificial reproduction. The broodstock has less activity below 15°C in the winter and has less food intake. It can only enter normal when the water temperature is above 15°C. It is advisable to feed high-protein feeds at this time, and fresh fish or small shellfish should be preferred. Usually broodstock individuals hold about 300-500 capsules at 100-150 grams. However, in the case of undernutrition, each broodstock holds only about 100 eggs. Artificial breeding method of shrimp seedlings, the general use of pond natural breeding and cement pond breeding two.
(1) The natural pond breeding method in dig ponds is suitable for 1-5 mu, and it is convenient to select irrigation and drainage, and the water depth is about 1 meter. Ponds with a pond slope of 25 degrees have been sterilized by clear ponds to adjust the water quality. The PH value is controlled at 7.5-8. In Tong, people added some organic fertilizer to cultivate plankton. After putting in appropriate quantities of water-lily masks, etc., put the broodstock when the temperature is appropriate. The proportion of males to females is 4:1, and about 100 tails per acre are placed. After mating, the hatching hatches. After the shrimp completely leaves the mother (about 30-35 days), the male and female broodstock are captured, and the other pool is cultivated. The pond has become a naturally hatched shrimp pond. Shrimp mainly rely on organic debris and plankton in the pond for food. At the same time, put an appropriate amount of egg yolk every day to ensure that shrimp has enough food. It takes 30-35 days for shrimp to grow to 1.5-2 cm.
This method of hatching from shrimp to grow to 1.5-2 cm long, takes 60-70 days, under normal circumstances each female shrimp can obtain about 2 cm body length shrimp 150-200. This method is relatively simple and convenient, the water surface is large, the group is small, and the cultivated shrimp seedlings are more robust. However, there are disadvantages such as the large number of flowering larvae and the low rate of raising seedlings.
(b) Cement pond breeding Each hatching pond is 6-10 square meters, the water depth is maintained at 40-70 centimeters, and 6-8 tail-bearing females can be placed per cubic meter. The water temperature is controlled at about 30 DEG C, and the water is placed in each pool. Appropriate amount of water-lilies for sheltering (not exceeding 1/3 of the surface of the pool) is suitable for inflating oxygen into micro-flowing water day and night.
After the shrimp hatches and leaves the mother, the mother shrimp is taken away and it becomes a small cultivation pond. Feed plankton and protein particles every morning, in the middle and evening. In the pool for 4-5 weeks, shrimps reach l-1.2 cm in size, and then they are stocked again.
The advantages of this method are: no natural enemies harm, high survival rate. It is easy to manage, easy to observe and find problems; the shrimp is fast in the early stage, it is easy to isolate the shrimp, and the shrimp is easy to recycle. Disadvantages: High equipment requirements, high costs, sophisticated management requirements, and high risk.
30% shrimp breeding
1. Pond requirements: generally 3-7 acres is appropriate, the sediment ratio is 1:1, the bottom of the pond should be flat, the pond slope is 25-30 degrees is good, the water depth requires more than 1.5 meters, the pH value of 6-8 can be, but It is better to use 7-7.5. Water quality requires a transparency of 30 cm, preferably greenish green. Irrigation and drainage should be convenient, and facilities must be set up around the pond.
2. Reasonably put in shelters, put appropriate amount of water-lilies on the surface of the water, use stones or tiles at the bottom of the pond, place 300-500 waste tires per acre around the bottom, or use Lucha, Luzhu bundle. Put it in the pond for its shelter.
3. Stocking density: shrimp body length l-1.5 centimeters, 15 stocks per square meter of water; body length 35 centimeters, 8 to 10 fishes per square meter of water; body length of 10 centimeters, stocking 4-6 tails per square meter of water .
4. Feed requirements: Both shrimp feed and small trash fish are available. Crude protein accounts for 40% of the total; it is recommended to feed it twice a day in the morning and evening and it is better to feed 70% of the day in the evening.
5. Feeding amount: the feed coefficient is about 2.1, the baby shrimp is 20%-25% of the body weight, the middle shrimp is 15%-20%, and the adult shrimp is 5%-10%.
6. Water quality management: Change water according to water quality and shrimp period. In general, the number of water changes should not be large and there is no need to change the water every day. The depth of water is generally more than 1.5 meters. When the temperature is high, it is properly deepened. When the temperature is low, it can be shallower. When the water temperature is 27-28°C, the shell should be removed. When the shell is removed, the water should be shallow, and the water should be deeper when living.
7. Fishing: Trawling can be used to fish; catch traps can also be used (that is, the decoy is placed in the cage and the shrimp can not be returned). Crawfish do not tolerate low water temperatures below 5°C and must be captured at temperatures above 5°C. Shrimp time is better in the early morning or evening.
First, the biological characteristics Red ancesal crayfish belonging to Decapoda, quasi crayfish, light shell shrimp, general individual 100-200 grams, the largest individual up to 500 grams. The body color is mosaic brown green, the head and chest are evenly connected with the abdomen, and the outside is covered with a hard shell. Five pairs of chest and foot, the first pair of special developed chest specializing as a powerful chela, male chela more developed than females. There is a membranous bright red band on the outer side of the chelate, which is the second sexual characteristic difference between male and female. Two male genitalia, born in the base of the fifth pair of feet, one left and right, showing a transparent protrusion of 0.5 cm long; female genitals are at the base of the third pair of chest feet, one on each side, and are rounded There is a film covering the mouth. The Australian lobster tail has five powerful tail fans and three outer rims. The middle tablet is small. In the egg-holding period and hatching period, the tail-scallops are all curved inwards, and the eggs adhering to the abdomen are held in the abdomen. The female shrimps are protected against damage to the fertilized eggs and young shrimps when crawling or receiving enemies. This is the distinction between holding eggs and not holding eggs.
The shrimp is dark and afraid of light. Camp crawl life. Under normal conditions, it hides in deep water perches during the day. There is little activity for food; in the evening, activities begin, and most gather in shallow water to crawl and feed. When frightened when searching for a spouse, he flees back into deep water; he crawls forward during feeding and activity. Frightened or bouncing back and forth when encountering enemy. Happy living water new water, when the environment is not suitable, it will be inhabited on the edge of the pond. It has a wide adaptability, can tolerate harsh environments, water temperature can survive 5-35 °C. Omnivorous, wide source of feed.
Juvenile larvae shelled once every 1-2 days within two weeks of leaving the mother. After the shrimp is shelled once every 4-6 days in 3-4 weeks, the quick and slow shelling is determined by factors such as the growth and accumulation of shrimp, physiological conditions, environmental adaptation, and the quality of the water. It was observed that the shrimp shelled 25 times in a lifetime. The shrimp, 15 cm in length, can escape from the scene from the beginning of shelling to the hardening of the shell, a total of 15 minutes. Shelling takes place at night in the shallow water.
The development of the egg: Oval, the female shrimps are discharged to the abdomen immediately after sexual maturity and adhere to the abdominal foot. Begin the egg into pale yellow, turn to brownish red, juvenile shrimp shell out, cycle 15-40 days. The hatching time of juvenile shrimp is closely related to temperature and water temperature. Water temperature and high temperature have short incubation time and vice versa. Under the same conditions, the amount of eggs held by the broodstock is closely proportional to the length of the breastplate. The relationship is Y=7.5X2, 20X-40, and Y is the amount of eggs (grain) and X is the length of the head breast (cm). The newly hatched juvenile shrimp began to adhere to the mother and was protected by the broodstock and left the mother body completely for about one week.
The shrimp has six tentacles on its head and grows with its length. The tentacles are composed of countless knots. The near head is thick, the tip is small and sharp, and the sensitivity is very high. The two tentacles at the outer edge of the head are particularly thick and long, generally one third longer than the body length, and four short beards perched in the middle. At the time of normal crawling, six tentacles are in front. If frightened or attacked, two long touches must be bent towards the tail to prevent the tail from being attacked by the enemy.
Second, artificial propagation from the shrimp seedlings to sexual maturity takes about a year (I winter age), under the conditions of adaptation, breeding twice a year. In January to January every year, the water temperature reaches above 20 °C. After the overwintering broodstock, when the water temperature rises, the gonadal development is very rapid. After the water temperature rises to 20°C, the female shrimp starts to hold eggs. If the water temperature continues to rise to 25-27°C, it will develop into shrimp after 25-45 days. , and then cultivate for 20 days. It can grow up to 2cm in length (in Niuwan Town, Xinhui, Guangdong Province. It can spawn in mid-May and it can also produce eggs once in August). One month prior to spawning, the male and female co-feeders should be reared separately. If the egg-bearing shrimp is in an uncomfortable water temperature, or is suddenly frightened, the egg will be separated from the mother and will not continue to develop and die, even jeopardizing the life of the female shrimp. According to the test, the ratio of male to female is better than 1:4. The body length of 9 cm females lays 600 eggs and 8 cm produces 500 eggs. Spawning 400 eggs at 7 cm, spawning 300 at 6 cm and l00 at 4 cm.
The egg-holding shrimps gather in dark holes in shallow water, and they have strong water repellency. This feature can be used to catch egg-holding shrimps in the evening for artificial hatching.
The cultivation of broodstock is the key to artificial reproduction. The broodstock has less activity below 15°C in the winter and has less food intake. It can only enter normal when the water temperature is above 15°C. It is advisable to feed high-protein feeds at this time, and fresh fish or small shellfish should be preferred. Usually broodstock individuals hold about 300-500 capsules at 100-150 grams. However, in the case of undernutrition, each broodstock holds only about 100 eggs. Artificial breeding method of shrimp seedlings, the general use of pond natural breeding and cement pond breeding two.
(1) The natural pond breeding method in dig ponds is suitable for 1-5 mu, and it is convenient to select irrigation and drainage, and the water depth is about 1 meter. Ponds with a pond slope of 25 degrees have been sterilized by clear ponds to adjust the water quality. The PH value is controlled at 7.5-8. In Tong, people added some organic fertilizer to cultivate plankton. After putting in appropriate quantities of water-lily masks, etc., put the broodstock when the temperature is appropriate. The proportion of males to females is 4:1, and about 100 tails per acre are placed. After mating, the hatching hatches. After the shrimp completely leaves the mother (about 30-35 days), the male and female broodstock are captured, and the other pool is cultivated. The pond has become a naturally hatched shrimp pond. Shrimp mainly rely on organic debris and plankton in the pond for food. At the same time, put an appropriate amount of egg yolk every day to ensure that shrimp has enough food. It takes 30-35 days for shrimp to grow to 1.5-2 cm.
This method of hatching from shrimp to grow to 1.5-2 cm long, takes 60-70 days, under normal circumstances each female shrimp can obtain about 2 cm body length shrimp 150-200. This method is relatively simple and convenient, the water surface is large, the group is small, and the cultivated shrimp seedlings are more robust. However, there are disadvantages such as the large number of flowering larvae and the low rate of raising seedlings.
(b) Cement pond breeding Each hatching pond is 6-10 square meters, the water depth is maintained at 40-70 centimeters, and 6-8 tail-bearing females can be placed per cubic meter. The water temperature is controlled at about 30 DEG C, and the water is placed in each pool. Appropriate amount of water-lilies for sheltering (not exceeding 1/3 of the surface of the pool) is suitable for inflating oxygen into micro-flowing water day and night.
After the shrimp hatches and leaves the mother, the mother shrimp is taken away and it becomes a small cultivation pond. Feed plankton and protein particles every morning, in the middle and evening. In the pool for 4-5 weeks, shrimps reach l-1.2 cm in size, and then they are stocked again.
The advantages of this method are: no natural enemies harm, high survival rate. It is easy to manage, easy to observe and find problems; the shrimp is fast in the early stage, it is easy to isolate the shrimp, and the shrimp is easy to recycle. Disadvantages: High equipment requirements, high costs, sophisticated management requirements, and high risk.
30% shrimp breeding
1. Pond requirements: generally 3-7 acres is appropriate, the sediment ratio is 1:1, the bottom of the pond should be flat, the pond slope is 25-30 degrees is good, the water depth requires more than 1.5 meters, the pH value of 6-8 can be, but It is better to use 7-7.5. Water quality requires a transparency of 30 cm, preferably greenish green. Irrigation and drainage should be convenient, and facilities must be set up around the pond.
2. Reasonably put in shelters, put appropriate amount of water-lilies on the surface of the water, use stones or tiles at the bottom of the pond, place 300-500 waste tires per acre around the bottom, or use Lucha, Luzhu bundle. Put it in the pond for its shelter.
3. Stocking density: shrimp body length l-1.5 centimeters, 15 stocks per square meter of water; body length 35 centimeters, 8 to 10 fishes per square meter of water; body length of 10 centimeters, stocking 4-6 tails per square meter of water .
4. Feed requirements: Both shrimp feed and small trash fish are available. Crude protein accounts for 40% of the total; it is recommended to feed it twice a day in the morning and evening and it is better to feed 70% of the day in the evening.
5. Feeding amount: the feed coefficient is about 2.1, the baby shrimp is 20%-25% of the body weight, the middle shrimp is 15%-20%, and the adult shrimp is 5%-10%.
6. Water quality management: Change water according to water quality and shrimp period. In general, the number of water changes should not be large and there is no need to change the water every day. The depth of water is generally more than 1.5 meters. When the temperature is high, it is properly deepened. When the temperature is low, it can be shallower. When the water temperature is 27-28°C, the shell should be removed. When the shell is removed, the water should be shallow, and the water should be deeper when living.
7. Fishing: Trawling can be used to fish; catch traps can also be used (that is, the decoy is placed in the cage and the shrimp can not be returned). Crawfish do not tolerate low water temperatures below 5°C and must be captured at temperatures above 5°C. Shrimp time is better in the early morning or evening.
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