What are the cherry tree cultivation needs to pay attention to?
1. In the garden, cherry is a fruit tree that is hi light, hi-temperature, hi wet and hi fat. It is suitable for climates with an average annual temperature of 10 to 12°C, an annual rainfall of 60 to 700mm, and annual sunshine hours of 2 600 to 2 800 h. Growing under conditions. The average daily temperature is higher than 10°C for 150-200 days, and the extreme minimum temperature in winter is not lower than -20°C. If there is frost in the area, the cherry orchard can choose to have a slow temperature rise in the spring and air circulation. Considering that cherry roots are shallow and easy to wind down, it is better to use wind-damaged sections in the garden, and sandy soils with loose soil and deep soil layers are preferred. ?
2, species selection and reasonable allocation of pollination tree Cherry is a cross-pollination varieties, most self-false, need to configure the pollination tree. Different variegated species, such as siberian early red and red light, can be selected as the main cultivars, and Seneca and red honey can be used as pollination cultivars. Generally, two rows of main plant varieties are used to plant one row of pollination varieties to ensure normal pollination. ?
3. Strengthen Soil, Fertilizer, Water Management, Pruning, and pest control Soil, fertilizer, and water management of cherries are very different from other fruit trees. Because they are sensitive to soil, fertilizer, and water, they can be caused by carelessness. The fruit has a large number of cracked fruits and the death of the tree has serious consequences. Therefore, management should be based on the cherries' demand for soil, fertilizer, and water. In spring and summer, plantations should be cultivated and weeded to keep the soil loose. From September to October each year, 50 cm away from the tree trunk line, organic fertilizer is applied to the ditch. Organic fertilizer is applied at 400 kg per 667 m2, urea is 15–30 kg, and compound fertilizer is 50–100 kg. Before germination and after fruit-picking, urea 0.3-0.5kg is applied. After spraying, 0.3% urea was sprayed 2 to 3 times from the time of germination to flowering, and the fruits were sprayed with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate once during fruit ripening and after fruit harvest. Pre-emergence, hard-nucleation, pre-harvest, and pre-frozen irrigation were performed once.
4, a reasonable pruning cherry tree shape can be used free spindle-shaped dry high 40 ~ 50 cm, tree height of 3 m, the whole tree has a single axis branch group 8 ~ 12, branches 70 ~ 80 °, staggered. The winter cuts were carried out before germination, and they were dried at a height of 80 cm. In the first to fourth years, both dry and uniaxial branches were cut at full shoots, and the length of cut was 40 to 60 cm. The dense shoots and diseased shoots were removed. Branches on the lateral uniaxial branch group generally leave short cuts of 5 to 15 cm, promoting the formation of short branches, and forming bouquet-like fruit branches the following year. The combination of sparse and re-cutting methods was used to treat the peripheral shoots to reduce the number of branches around the crown and improve the lighting conditions in the crown.
In the spring and autumn, the lateral single-axis branch groups were opened at an angle of about 75°, and the auxiliary branches were drawn at 90°. From May to June, the weight of the shoots sprouted in short cuts and the shoots were erected to leave 5–10 cm topping. When the secondary branch grows vigorously, it can be picked up again to promote the formation of short branches and flower buds.
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