Special Mistakes in the Use of Vaccines by Professional Poultry Farmers

The scientific and correct use of vaccines in poultry production is one of the important steps for farmers to cultivate high-yield, stable-producing, healthy poultry and realize high poultry-breeding efficiency. In the current practice of poultry production, there are many misunderstandings in the use of vaccines. The specific manifestations are as follows: 1. There is no immunization procedure. It is mistaken to think that there is no immunization plan and it is still possible to raise poultry. In practical production, regardless of the number of birds, a practical immunization plan should be formulated based on the law of the length and extent of the antibodies, the local epidemic situation, and the immune status of the hatchery provided by the manufacturer. 2, the use of vaccine is not targeted. In poultry production, vaccines that should not be used have also been used, laying a foundation for the disease. For cases of infectious laryngotracheitis, do not use attenuated vaccines in farms that have not been affected or have occurred. After inoculation, the poultry can be detoxified for a long period of time. As a result, the reared poultry population can have outbreaks at any time. For newly established sites and sites with good isolation conditions, care must be taken when selecting vaccines, and vaccines that do not need to be used are not needed. 3, mistakenly think that any vaccine can be mixed. There is interference or antagonism between the vaccines, resulting in ineffective immunity or reduced effectiveness. Such as chicken Newcastle disease I strains and chicken pox vaccine can not be used at the same time, from a scientific point of view, a single seedling is better than the joint vaccine, the interval between vaccine use is better than 4 days, at least have to be separated by 2 days. Two or more kinds of live vaccines should not be mixed, and the manufacturer's joint vaccine is another matter. Some vaccines have their specificity and must be read in detail when used. 4. Misconceptions that the greater the number of vaccines used, the better. In poultry production, there is an overly frequent inoculation of certain vaccines. Too many antigens will neutralize the antibodies. The result is counterproductive. Generally, the vaccine vaccination time should be planned based on the maturation law of maternal antibodies. For example, the interval between the first and second exemptions for IV vaccines is 15 days. It is advisable that the interval between IBD vaccine exemption and exemption is 10 days. Oil emulsion inactivated vaccine should not be used for emergency vaccination. 5. Misconception that vaccine drinking is the most convenient and most convenient. Although the vaccine water is convenient and convenient, its immune effect is the worst. For example, NDI vaccines can only be injected without drinking water because it is a medium-toxicity virus strain. After drinking water, it will be toxic and prone to atypical Newcastle disease. Vaccine vaccine wing subcutaneous seed; fire extinguishing vaccine is best injected intramuscularly, not water. 6. Misconception that the more vaccine dose, the better the immune effect. If the immunization dose exceeds a certain limit, antibody production is suppressed and immune paralysis occurs. In actual practice, there are no vaccine doses. For example, the encephalomyelitis vaccine and the infectious bronchial vaccine, as long as one half of the amount of the flock is enough, because the immunized individuals reach a certain percentage of the group, they can pass each other and have a level of immunity. . 7, mistakenly believe that domestic seedlings are not as good as imported seedlings. Judging from the current level of domestic vaccine production, the quality of many domestic vaccines in China can be comparable to imported vaccines. Imported vaccines are expensive. Second, some strains of vaccines are not the same as strains in China, affecting actual use. 8, mistaken for using any vaccine can not be used when using the vaccine. For attenuated live vaccines against viral diseases, antibiotics such as cyanine, streptomycin, and quinolones may be used, but antibiotics should not be added to the vaccine; when using live attenuated vaccines, antiviral drugs and antiviral drugs should not be used. Chinese herbal medicine. Antibiotics must not be used for attenuated bacterins to prevent bacterial diseases. No disinfection was performed within 2 days before and after inoculation. The extinguishing seedlings, also called dead seedlings, are made by the inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms by physical and chemical methods, and still maintain immunogenicity. After inoculation, the birds are given specific resistance. The use of inactivated oil seedlings does not present the problem of killing live seedlings. Antibiotics can be used. Inactivated oil emulsion vaccines are best used in combination with attenuated live vaccines. Many data indicate that some antibacterial drugs, such as chloramphenicol, furans, sulfonamides, and hormone drugs, should not be used during immunization. They directly affect immune function. 9, the vaccine is stored casually. Because of the different types of vaccines, the required storage conditions are not the same. Inactivated oil emulsion vaccines should be stored refrigerated (2~15°C environment). If oil-water separation occurs during storage, they should not be used again. As the saying goes, it is better to collect more revenue and less income, and to collect revenue and to protect against it. Do a good job of anti-epidemic work on poultry, get rid of some misunderstandings in the use of vaccines, and use the vaccine correctly and scientifically to ensure the healthy development of the poultry industry and obtain good economic benefits. (Author: Correspondence Address: No. 84 Huiquan Road, Mingshui, Zhangqiu, Shandong Province, China Postcode: 250200)

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