Introduction of microwave extraction technology
2021-09-01 10:05:29
Microwave extraction technology is a new technology for the extraction of active ingredients from food and traditional Chinese medicine. The world's microwave technology applied to the extraction of organic compounds was published in 1986. Some foreign experts found that it takes several hours or even a dozen to sample the sample in a typical household microwave oven in just a few minutes. Hour target substance. Through more than ten years of hard work and development, microwave extraction technology has been applied to spices, condiments, natural pigments, Chinese herbal medicine, cosmetics and soil analysis.
1. Microwave extraction mechanism Microwave extraction is a high-frequency electromagnetic wave that penetrates the extraction medium and reaches the inside of the material to be extracted. The rapid conversion of microwave energy into heat can rapidly increase the internal temperature of the cell. When the internal pressure of the cell exceeds the tolerance of the cell wall, the cell ruptures and the cell The active ingredient is free to flow out, is dissolved in the extraction medium at a lower temperature, and is further filtered and separated to obtain an extracted material. Under the action of microwave radiation, the extracted material component accelerates to the interface of the extraction solvent, thereby increasing the extraction rate several times, and at the same time reducing the extraction temperature, and the quality of the extraction is ensured to a large extent.
2, the advantages of microwave extraction Traditional thermal extraction is carried out from the outside to the inside by means of heat conduction, heat radiation, etc., and microwave extraction is the microwave instantaneously penetrates the inside and outside of the material while heating for extraction. Compared to traditional thermal extraction, the main advantages of microwave extraction are:
a, high quality, can effectively protect functional ingredients in food, medicine and other chemical materials;
b, high purity, high extraction rate;
c, high selectivity to the extract;
d, fast and time-saving, can save 50%-90% of the time;
e, less solvent (can be 50%-90% less than conventional methods);
f, safe, energy-saving, non-polluting, production equipment is simpler, saving investment.
3. Comparison of microwave extraction and other extraction methods The microwave extraction efficiency is high, the purity is high, the energy consumption is small, the operation cost is low, and the environmental protection requirements are met. Can be widely used in Chinese herbal medicine, spices, health food, food, cosmetics, tea drinks, seasonings, pectin, high viscosity chitosan and other industries. At present, microwave extraction in China has been used in a variety of Chinese herbal medicine leaching production lines, such as puerarin, tea, ginkgo and so on. Microwave extraction has been listed as one of the 21st century food processing and traditional Chinese medicine pharmaceutical modernization technology. Researchers at a Chinese medicine research institute have used microwave extraction methods to treat hundreds of Chinese medicines. Whether it is extraction speed, extraction efficiency or extraction quality, it is much superior to conventional processes. Microwave extraction technology has obvious advantages over other existing extraction techniques. The chemical solvent extraction method consumes a large amount of energy, consumes a large amount of materials, takes a long time, has low extraction efficiency, and has large industrial pollution. The extraction efficiency of supercritical fluids is greatly improved, but the required equipment is complicated and the solvent selection range is narrow. It is difficult and costly to establish a large-scale extraction production line for high pressure vessels and high pressure pumps.
Material selection - cleaning - crushing - microwave extraction - separation - concentration - drying - powdering - products
1. Microwave extraction mechanism Microwave extraction is a high-frequency electromagnetic wave that penetrates the extraction medium and reaches the inside of the material to be extracted. The rapid conversion of microwave energy into heat can rapidly increase the internal temperature of the cell. When the internal pressure of the cell exceeds the tolerance of the cell wall, the cell ruptures and the cell The active ingredient is free to flow out, is dissolved in the extraction medium at a lower temperature, and is further filtered and separated to obtain an extracted material. Under the action of microwave radiation, the extracted material component accelerates to the interface of the extraction solvent, thereby increasing the extraction rate several times, and at the same time reducing the extraction temperature, and the quality of the extraction is ensured to a large extent.
2, the advantages of microwave extraction Traditional thermal extraction is carried out from the outside to the inside by means of heat conduction, heat radiation, etc., and microwave extraction is the microwave instantaneously penetrates the inside and outside of the material while heating for extraction. Compared to traditional thermal extraction, the main advantages of microwave extraction are:
a, high quality, can effectively protect functional ingredients in food, medicine and other chemical materials;
b, high purity, high extraction rate;
c, high selectivity to the extract;
d, fast and time-saving, can save 50%-90% of the time;
e, less solvent (can be 50%-90% less than conventional methods);
f, safe, energy-saving, non-polluting, production equipment is simpler, saving investment.
3. Comparison of microwave extraction and other extraction methods The microwave extraction efficiency is high, the purity is high, the energy consumption is small, the operation cost is low, and the environmental protection requirements are met. Can be widely used in Chinese herbal medicine, spices, health food, food, cosmetics, tea drinks, seasonings, pectin, high viscosity chitosan and other industries. At present, microwave extraction in China has been used in a variety of Chinese herbal medicine leaching production lines, such as puerarin, tea, ginkgo and so on. Microwave extraction has been listed as one of the 21st century food processing and traditional Chinese medicine pharmaceutical modernization technology. Researchers at a Chinese medicine research institute have used microwave extraction methods to treat hundreds of Chinese medicines. Whether it is extraction speed, extraction efficiency or extraction quality, it is much superior to conventional processes. Microwave extraction technology has obvious advantages over other existing extraction techniques. The chemical solvent extraction method consumes a large amount of energy, consumes a large amount of materials, takes a long time, has low extraction efficiency, and has large industrial pollution. The extraction efficiency of supercritical fluids is greatly improved, but the required equipment is complicated and the solvent selection range is narrow. It is difficult and costly to establish a large-scale extraction production line for high pressure vessels and high pressure pumps.
Comparison between traditional methods and microwave extraction compared with microwave extraction
Microwave extraction process: Compound | Recovery rate(%) | Time required | ||
 | Traditional | microwave | Traditional | microwave |
Natural fat (food) | 100 | 98 | > 3h | < 5min |
Antinutritives | 40 | 100 | ≥ 3h | < 5min |
Insecticide (soil) | 90 | 100 | < 1.5h | < 1min |
Material selection - cleaning - crushing - microwave extraction - separation - concentration - drying - powdering - products
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