High-yielding cultivation of colored potato

High-yielding cultivation of colored potato
1. The selection of high-quality virus-free seed potato research shows that potato quality varieties and high-quality virus-free seed potatoes contribute about 60% of potato yield. The virus-free seed potato emerged early, the plants were robust, the leaves were hypertrophic, the root system was developed, the stress resistance was strong, and the potential for yield increase was great. Therefore, all virus-free G2 and G3 hybrids must be used in production.
2, intensive cultivation and selection of fertile soil, flat terrain, drainage and irrigation facilities, deep plowing layer, loose soil sandy loam or loam. The former is to avoid Solanaceae crops to reduce the incidence of diseases.
After the harvest of the former crop, the diseased leaves and diseased plants are promptly taken out of the field for treatment. Before the beginning of the winter, the crop is sown about 30 centimeters to make the soil frozen and weathered, so as to receive the rain and snow and freeze the overwintering pests. Seed sowing in time, to achieve plowing layer of fine broken no waste, flat land without roots, so that the next level of reality.
Soil drought at seeding is one of the main factors that affect seedling production and reduce production. Therefore, it is necessary to make oysters before planting, and it is best to sow in water.
3, germination sowing seedling preservation seedlings germination need 150 kg per acre seed potatoes. 20-30 days before sowing, the seed potatoes will be planted in a warm and sunny place for 2-3 days, and the diseased potatoes and rotten potatoes will be removed and then cut into pieces. When cutting, make full use of the apical dominance, spiral to the top of the beveled, and finally press the top bud into two or one into four, each piece of seed potato has 1-2 bud eyes, weighing 25-30 grams. After drying the blade, put it in a room with a temperature of 18°C ​​to 20°C. Use the stratification method to germinate. When the bud grows to about 3cm, it is placed under scattered light and dried.
4. Anti-insect and anti-pesticide dressing for seed dressing Due to the off-site transfer of seed potatoes, the seed-borne bacteria are very difficult to spread to each other. At present, seedling black pod disease and dry rot commonly occur as a result of seed tuber borne bacteria. Impact on emergence. Plant seed dressing can reduce the occurrence of these diseases. Tests have shown that the following two formulations can be used to prevent seedling diseases.
Seed dressing formula 1: Paflumarine 50 ml + 20 ml/100 kg seed tube. The 50% fluocin suspension concentrate 50 ml is mixed with 20 ml of 60% clever suspension seed coating agent, and water is added to 1000 ml. After shaking, it is sprayed onto the 100 kg seed tuber cut pieces and allowed to dry after sowing.
Seed dressing formula 2: Antaisheng 100g + Gaoqiao 20ml/100kg seed potato, ie 70% Antai WP 100g, 60% Gao Qiao Seed Coating Agent 20ml Water 1000ml, evenly spray To 100 kilograms of seed potatoes, cut and sow after drying.
The use of the above two formulas can promote early emergence of seedlings for 2-3 days, and ensure that the seedlings are able to grow strong, and at the same time can prevent the harm of seedling stage aphids, and underground pests and golden needles.
5. Shed roofing and early sowing in advance early spring color potato shed covering cultivation techniques, advance the appropriate sowing date of potatoes to early February, so that potato tuber enlargement period is in the best period of daytime high temperature and night low temperature, and can extend the growth period of plants. Greatly improved potato yield and quality.
6. Wide-row cultivation of large ridges is carried out in a double-row planting of ridges, with a ridge spacing of 85-90 cm, a double row, a small row spacing of about 20 cm, and a plant spacing of 25-28 cm. Mu planting 5500-6000 strains. The ditch is 8-10 cm deep and 25 cm wide. After the water is slopped, the horns are splayed and the buds are upward. Cover the buds with a small amount of fine soil, and then fertilize the holes to cover the soil. Request to plant 12 cm to the top of the ridge. Flatten the ridges and spray the herbicides such as Shi Tianbu to make sure that the herbicides are uniformly applied and covered with a mulch. The plastic film to be laid should be an ultra-thin film that is 90-100 cm wide and has a thickness of 0.005-0.008 mm, and 4-5 kg ​​per mu. When laying the film, the film should be stretched tightly to the ground. The edges of the film should be buried in the soil for about 10 centimeters. The cover film should grasp the essentials of “strict, tight, flat, and wide”, that is, the edges should be tightly pressed, the film should be tightly closed, the film surface should be flat, and the glossy surface should be wide. On the same day, an arch shed was built and agricultural film was applied.
7. Soil testing formulation Balanced nutrition Mushi soil fertilizer 5000 kg or commodity organic fertilizer 150 kg, ternary compound fertilizer (15-10-20 or 15-12-18) 200 kg, zinc sulfate 1.2 kg, boric acid 1 kg. Soil miscellaneous fertilizers are spread on cultivated land and other fertilizers are applied at the time of sowing.
Field Management of Colored Potatoes
1. Timely film-breaking sowing 20-30 days after the seedlings will successively apical membrane, choose sunny and timely mulching holes in the mulch, and cover the hole with a thin film of fine soil.
2, to strengthen the temperature management within the arch to maintain the day 20-26 °C, night 12-14 °C. Always wipe the film to maintain maximum light intake. As the outside temperature rises, the amount of ventilation is gradually increased, and the film can be removed in mid-April.
3. Proper watering requires higher levels of potato production and requires a lot of water. Without meeting the needs of water, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory production. Potatoes are both crops that require large amounts of water, and crops that cannot be interrupted by water supply. In particular, they need to continuously maintain the moist state of the soil during the stages of tuber formation and tuber growth. Once the water supply interval, it will cause the tubers to stop growing, forming deformed tubers, resulting in serious reduction in production and quality. However, late potatoes have to be bred during the late growth period, and the tubers become intolerant of storage or decay due to rain or humidity. Therefore, in the production, it is necessary to grasp a uniform and sufficient supply of moisture, so that the soil cultivation layer always maintains a moist state. The suitable soil moisture for potato growth is that the average soil moisture content maintained at about 80% during the whole growth period is the most ideal. The seedling period should be maintained at 70%-80%, and it should be maintained at about 65%-75% before harvesting; the tuber formation must be maintained at 80%-85% during tuber growth stage.
The principle of small ground irrigation should be mastered in production, and each irrigation should not pass over the ridge roof. In combination with the lyrics, watering was conducted once in the seedling stage, budding stage, flowering stage, and the rapid expansion period of the potato pieces. The irrigation should be stopped about 7 days before harvest to ensure that the harvested tubers are fully aged to facilitate storage.
Integrated pest control
1. Major pests and diseases The major diseases and pests of potato include late blight, early blight, roundworm, 28-spot ladybug, cockroach, and golden needle.
2. Formulate scientific plant protection plan and choose to use highly efficient, low-toxic, environmentally safe pesticide products to ensure the production of high quality, healthy and safe agricultural products. According to the occurrence of pests and diseases and the requirements of good agricultural practices, the principle of the use of protective fungicides and therapeutic fungicides should be adopted in disease prevention and control. During the growth period, 5 times of spraying was performed. Each application of Antler 70% wettable powder (100-150 g/mu) was applied at the initial flowering stage and full flowering stage at intervals of 10 days; from the tuber expansion stage, Three consecutive applications of silver fat (75-100 ml/mu) were applied for 10 days.
For the control of aphids and 28 ladybird beetles, besides controlling aphids and 28 ladybugs at the seedling stage by using seed dressing during the seed dressing period, the use of 7 ml of melamine in the adult potato stage Agent 5-10 g/mu dose foliar spray.
3. Protection of the leaves and the extension of the functional period Domestic and foreign studies have shown that the photosynthesis of leaves contributes more than 90% to the yield of crops. Therefore, protecting the leaves and extending their functional period can greatly increase potato production. Silver fat is not only a disease-preventing but also prolongs the late leaf functional period of the potato, which is crucial for increasing potato yield. It is also possible to spray 0.2% boric acid on the leaves of potato in the early stage of flowering and potassium dihydrogen phosphate three times during the period of potato block enlargement.
News entry: Vegetable Laiyang a product development center Updated: July 29, 2011

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