Technical measures to reduce the use of chemical pesticides in vegetable fields
With the improvement of people’s awareness of the quality of the living environment and the importance of food safety, building a healthy city has become a strategic goal for the construction of a harmonious society. Therefore, the establishment and improvement of the safety production supervision system for agricultural products guarantees the high quality and safety of agricultural products, and the prevention and control of vegetable diseases and pests. With this as the goal, we put forward the idea of ​​comprehensive prevention and control, consider using less or no chemical pesticides, and strengthen the promotion of comprehensive prevention and control measures such as agriculture, biology, and physics to improve the level of agricultural health services.
I. Agricultural control measures
To promote disease-resistant seed varieties, seed treatment techniques are widely used. Before sowing seed disinfection work, using warm soup soaking, pharmaceutical treatment and other methods to prevent pests and diseases have a better effect.
Strengthen cultivation management and carry out soil leisure. Summer high-temperature sterilization and winter freezing (about -5°C) method to reduce the pathogenic worm source in the soil while reducing soil salinization.
Second, biological control measures
The use of sex attractants to control Lepidoptera vegetable pests, currently has a significant effect on the control of Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera litura and Plutella xylostella.
Promote sex-inducing virus compound insecticide technology to reduce the population of the next generation of insect population.
Promote the use of microbial pesticides to prevent vegetable pests and diseases.
Parasitic insects and predatory natural enemies are used for the control of vegetable pests and play an important natural control effect.
Third, physical control measures
Temperature control technology measures. By controlling the temperature inside the greenhouse to the lethal temperature (35°C to 40°C) of B. tabaci, it is combined with the fumigation of pesticides to control B. tabaci.
Stimulation technical measures. Using pests to color tropism in the field hanging yellow armyworm board control aphids, whiteflies, Liriomyza sativae and other pests.
Light-induced technology measures. Insects were killed by bomb-type insecticidal lamps and black light lamps.
The use of functional membranes (silver gray film, black membranes, etc.), insect nets and other deterrents, isolation techniques to prevent pests. In the field, silver ash film and hanging silver film strips are used to repel aphids. In summer, when high temperatures are applied, greenhouse vegetables cover insect nets to prevent vegetable pests.
Fourth, scientific and rational use of chemical pesticides
Strictly control pesticide species, and prohibit the use of highly toxic and high-residue pesticides on vegetables.
Symptomatic medication, clear control of the object.
Grasp the pesticide application at critical times.
Strict implementation of pesticide safety harvesting period.
Pay attention to the rational use of several pesticides for compounding.
It is necessary to use reasonable application equipment and methods, strictly control the quality of pesticide application, avoid the loss of large amounts of pesticides, and reduce the pollution to vegetables and the environment.
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