Medicinal plants of yam anthrax
Symptoms mainly affect the leaves and stems. Leaf lesions are round to oval in shape, gray to gray in the middle, dark brown on the edges, and the boundary between disease and health is obvious. Black spots on both sides of the disease are generated in the later stages, ie the conidia discs of the pathogens; stems are sick and fusiform. Irregular plaques, gray and white in the middle, surrounded by black, severe upper and lower lesions merged into pieces, causing the whole plant to become dark and dry, the disease minister full of small black spots.
The pathogen G10merlla cingulata (Stonem.) Spauid.et Schreck is called a phylum Ascomycotina spp. The anamorphic state is Colletotrichum g10eosporioides (Ces.)Wil3, which is called Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and belongs to the fungus Subgenie Fungi. Enclose small cluster shells on PDA medium to produce ascospora shells, connate, nearly spherical, size 104-168μm, shell height 9l-155μm; sac-like sticks, single wall, size 47-6210-14(μm); ascospores Unicellular colorless, elliptic to long ovate, slightly curved, size 13-194-6 (μm); asexual conidia discs appearing, sparse, round to elliptic, dark brown, with margins surrounding Bristly, dark brown, slightly swollen at base, pointed apex, high 35-79μm; no conidiophores, short sporulating cells, pedicels, colorless, parallel arrangement; conidia cylindrical, unit cells colorless, Endogenous 1 to 2 oil balls, size 10 to 153-5 (μm); appressorium irregular to stick-shaped, surrounded by irregular, strong pathogenicity. In addition, Colletotrichum capsici (Syd.) Butler et Bisby is called C. capsicum, C. Capici conidia disc supergene, sparse, orbicular or elliptic, black, 55-167μm in size, bristly intensive; branches of conidiophore; sporulate cells cylindrical; conidiophore cells colorless, sickle-shaped The base is blunt, with a pointed tip, measuring 17-263.3 (μm), apical to elliptic to club-shaped, dark brown, with more regular edges. It often occurs along with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and is harmed all year round. It is heavy from March to August. In addition, it is thought that C. Pestis Massee is also the cause of the disease.
The route of transmission and the onset of conditions are the wintering of mycelia and conidium discs in the diseased area or in the soil where the disease remains. In June of the following year, a large number of conidial spores were transmitted by wind and rain, and the initial infestation and repeated infestation continued to expand and continue until the harvest. Temperature 25-30 °C, relative humidity 80% susceptible to disease. The weather is warm and humid, or heavy dew exposure is favorable to disease development. Partial application of nitrogen or planted land cover, poor ventilation and light transmission will make the disease worse.
Prevention methods (1) The use of early sweet potato, crane-jelly, leva, and red-flesh varieties can reduce the incidence. (2) Avoid frequent cropping or serious diseases and pay attention to strengthening water and fertilizer management. Applying compost or fermented organic fertilizers fermented with enzymes, using formula fertilization techniques, appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, so as to achieve high sorghum deep ditch, clean discharge, and improve plant permeable. (3) Begin spraying 30% copper oxychloride suspension 600 times solution plus 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 times or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 1000 times 75% 100% Bacterial WP 1000 times, 50% Compound thiophanate WP 1000 times, 40% Sulfur Suspension (Disease-Free) 500 times, 50% Benomyl WP 1500 times, 60 % Anti-mildew Po ultra-wettable powder 800 times, every 10 to 15 days 1 time, continuous control 2-3 times.
Veterinary Medicine,Diarrhea Intestinal Disease,Livestock Anticoccidial Medicine,Kill Coccidia Injection Medicine
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