The occurrence and prevention of soft rot of Clivia cepacia
2018-10-19 21:03:05
Clivia as the Amaryllidaceae Clivia is a perennial often green grass flower that has been cultivated throughout Japan since 1932 when it was introduced into Japan from Japan. However, due to the occurrence and damage of soft rot of Clivia, it often causes the whole plant to die and cause great losses. First, the symptoms of the disease mainly harm Cinnamomum pseudobulbs and leaves. The first occurrence of water-stained spots on the stem base gradually expanded into light brown spots and spread to pseudo-bulbs, causing the tissues to rot to be soft rot and smelly. Stem-based lesions can also spread along the leaf veins to the leaves. The leaves initially show water-stained spots. After rapid expansion, they appear to be translucent. There are yellow halos around the lesions. When severe, the whole leaf rot decayed and was rotted. The pathogens of the disease are bacteria, mainly Erwinia chrysanthemi in the European genus and Erwinia oleracea. Second, the incidence of pathogenic bacteria in the soil or diseased plants overwintering, 6 to 11 months can occur, but occurred in the summer high temperature and humidity period, poor ventilation and favorable disease spread and development. Germs can survive in the soil for months, and the diseased soil is an important source of infestation. Therefore, incomplete disinfection with soil can easily lead to the occurrence of the disease. In addition, it can also be transmitted by means of contact with water, insects, diseased leaves and healthy leaves, or by operating tools. The bacteria invade the plant body from the wound and can develop the disease within a few days, and it can be repeatedly infested during the growing season. In the summer, if the stem of Clivia vulvae is inundated with rain or water is inadvertently poured into the stem, the disease can be induced. In addition to invading Clivia, the pathogen can also cause diseases such as chrysanthemum, carnation, dahlia, begonia, and evergreen. Third, control methods 1. Soil disinfection: In order to prevent the occurrence of soft rot in advance, prior to transplanting the potted soil to disinfect the flowers, the soil can be disinfected with 0.5% to 1% formalin, about 10g per square meter; also available chloropicrin 60 to 120 g/m2 or 70% pentachloronitrobenzene 8 to 10 g/m2 for disinfection. Used flower pots and contaminated tools should also be cleaned and disinfected with 1% copper sulfate. Usually watering can not be too much, so as to avoid basin soil too wet. 2. Agricultural control: timely cutting off or removing diseased plants; don't injure the plants when planting and transplanting so as to avoid infection; pay attention to drainage during onset, and keep the roots dry so as not to cause root, root and bulb rot. 3. Chemical control: After onset, spraying streptomycin 1,000 times or 150 to 200 times Bordeaux mixture every 1 month can control the spread of the disease. At the same time, pests should be promptly controlled to reduce wounds and reduce the rate of occurrence.
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