Jujube tree flower and fruit management five key
The jujube tree has a long flowering period, a large amount of flowers, and consumes a lot. In addition, the flower bud differentiation and the fruiting branch and fruit setting are synchronized at this time, and the nutrition competition is very fierce. Therefore, strengthening the management of jujube flowering, supplementing nutrition and regulating the contradiction between vegetative growth and reproductive growth can lay a solid foundation for high yield and stable production of jujube trees. Specifically, we should grasp the following tasks:
First, flowering fertilizer
It is generally conducted in late May. Top dressing is mainly available nitrogen fertilizer and appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer. Generally, 0.5 kg of urea and 0.5 kg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are applied to each tree. After the fertilization, the flower water is poured and the soil is loosened.
Second, open
Generally during the flowering period (mid-to-mid-June), when the flowering volume accounts for 30% to 50% of the total number of flower buds, the promotion of the young tree is recommended. The first time the armored tree is placed on the trunk 20 to 30 centimeters from the ground, the area of ​​the open armor will move 5 to 10 centimeters per year. When the first main branch is reached, the above operation is repeated. The width of the mouth is generally 0.3 to 0.6. Centimeter is appropriate. The wide width of strong armored trees should be narrow and narrow. When the flowering season is cloudy, it can be appropriately widened by 0.1 to 0.2 centimeters, but the maximum width should not exceed 1 centimeter. After opening the armor, you should pay attention to the protection of A mouth. Every 1 week or so, apply a 100 to 200-fold solution of insecticides such as levestine in A mouth. The slow healing process of A mouth is smoothed with mud, which is both insect-proof and moisturizing, which is beneficial to Healing. Kai Kao can also be used with new technology to promote the use of Kao Wang 2, the use of time is about 20% of jujube bloom when used for the first time, wait 30 to 35 days before using the second time.
Third, the new tip topping
From mid-May to late June, the first branch and the second branch of the newly dated jujube head, which is not the backbone branch, will be picked in time to control the growth of the development branch, reduce the nutrient consumption, and increase the fruit setting rate. Normal ageing tree jujube heads grow to 2~6 secondary branches when picking the top heart, the second branch grows with the heart, and the 3~4 secondary branches of the base of the jujube head grow to the 5~7th section and pick up the heart. 1~4 secondary branches grow to 3~5 knots. The degree of topping is determined by the growth of the jujube head and the size of the space in which it is located. Generally, the weak branches focus on the topping, and the strong branches lightly pick the heart. When the space is large, the heart is lightly picked and the space is heavy and the heart is picked up. During this period, in addition to taking away the heart, it is also necessary to eradicate the jujube whose germination has no use value and remove it from the base as soon as possible, and eliminate the perennial branches with dense internal organs to save nutrients and facilitate ventilation.
Four, flowering three spray
1. Spray fertilizer. Spraying fertilizer was carried out in the flowering stage of Zaosheng. The mixed aqueous solution of 0.3% urea, 0.1%-0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2%-0.3% borax was sprayed on the leaves successively every half month. Choose sunny morning or evening spray, especially the evening spray is appropriate, the amount of spray fertilizer to the degree of wet foliage, if the rain should be sprayed after spraying.
2. Spray water. Choose to spend 60% of the flowers in full flowering time, the best time in the evening, with a sprayer evenly sprayed water on the jujube, water to wet the leaves for degree. The number of water sprays depends on the degree of drought. In normal years, it is sprayed once every 3 to 5 days, and it can be sprayed 2 or 3 times. The year of severe drought can be sprayed 3 to 5 times.
3. Spray plant growth regulators. In the early flowering period of jujube tree to full flowering stage, choose sunny morning or evening spray 15~20 mg/L naphthylacetic acid or sodium naphthyl acetate dilution or 5~10 mg/L 2,4-D 1~2 times, young fruit Spraying 30-60 mg/L NAA or 30 mg/L 2,4-D 2 times (with interval of 20 days) can effectively prevent its falling.
V. Prevention of pests and diseases
The diseases and insect pests that are harmful to jujube mainly include green-lipped stink bugs, nail beetles, red spiders, peach borer, Zaobu music, and date rust. Before and after the wheat harvest is the best period for the control of spider mites. It can be sprayed with 1% zinc sulphate 5000 times liquid or 15% broom squeezing oil 2500 times liquid. In the middle of June, it is the key period for the prevention and control of the second generation of green-lipped iridescence. It sprays 1 or 2 times of 20% of the swampoli 2000 times liquid on the trees and under the weeds and crops, or 20% cyanomethoxime 2000 times. A mixture of 10% imidacloprid 3000x can also be suspended by black light traps to kill adult worms. In the middle of July and mid-August, spray each time a Fungicide (200-240 times the amount of Bordeaux mixture and 50% carbendazim WP 800 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 1000 times Use) to prevent date rust and fruit diseases.
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