Do not relax late management
Fengli Town, Rudong County, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province supplies a large number of crabs each year to Jiangsu, Anhui, Shanghai, and Hubei. Many farmers rely on this one to embark on the road to prosperity. Recently, the town’s fishery science and technology instructors visited the city. Demonstration households, communicate with typical demonstration households, combined with the technical opinions of the expert group, put forward the following opinions on the management of deferred crab rearing for the reference of demonstration households.
First, strengthen the feeding and management, and cultivate the specifications of crabs. Make sure that the listed crabs are between 60 and 80. Now it is appropriate for seedlings to have a specification of about 200 cats per kilogram. Miaotai should prevent old crabs, reduce the protein content in feed, and feed duckweed in appropriate amounts, and feed them once in the evening. Miaoxiao increase the amount of feeding, feeding once in the morning and evening, it is necessary to dilute the water and promote the growth of crabs.
Second, protect water quality and create a deduction crab ecological environment. The water quality is fresh, live, tender, and cool. The transparency is more than 30cm. The pH of the regulating pond should be 7.5~8.0. The pH should be adjusted with quicklime. It should be applied once every 15 days. The application rate is 10kg to 20kg per acre (667m3). The amount of lime used is gradually increased. According to the principle of “before shallow, medium and deep, and after stableâ€, the water level is adjusted.
Third, prevent diseases and improve the survival rate of dung beetles. In September, the ciliates of crabs were used to prevent the ciliation of the crabs. A 500-gram bag of fibrin was used per acre, and chlorine dioxide was used once a month. The amount of 120-150 grams per acre was used on a sunny morning.
Fourth, adhere to the survey pond, observe the crab shell, the remaining food, etc., to prevent predators, and routine inspection anti-escape facilities, repair cracks.
V. Keep abreast of the deduction crab market, often communicate with instructors and typical model households, and sell quality crabs.
Sixth, do Tangkou log, earnestly sum up the experience and lessons of the past year, lay a good foundation for better breeding in the next year.
Respiratory tract infection
Prevention and control of respiratory infection in livestock and poultry animal health care
The results showed that the main pathogens causing respiratory system infection of livestock and poultry were bacteria, viruses and mycoplasma. These pathogens could lead to bacterial infections such as swine pulmonary disease, porcine contagious pleuropneumonia, avian cholera, cattle abortion, goose Shigella infection, duck serositis, virus infections such as classical swine fever, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, chicken Newcastle disease, avian influenza, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae pneumonia, avian influenza and so on Mycoplasma infection, such as avian mycoplasma disease and bovine pulmonary disease. Besides typical symptoms, rapid diagnostic test paper, microscopic examination, pathogenic microorganism culture and PCR should be used to diagnose respiratory system infection of livestock and poultry. Therapeutic drugs should be selected according to different pathogens. For bacteria, antibiotics should be selected; For the virus, we mainly choose broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, such as interferon, transfer factor, thymosin, arabinose adenosine, ribavirin and other Western medicines, and drugs containing Radix Isatidis, Andrographis paniculata, Houttuyniae, Folium Isatidis, honeysuckle, Coptis chinensis and other traditional Chinese medicine ingredients; For Mycoplasma, tylosin, tylosin, quinolones, florfenicol and other drugs were mainly selected. Livestock and poultry respiratory system infection is often accompanied by fever, poor breathing, runny nose, cough, expectoration, sneezing and other symptoms, so it is necessary to cooperate with the use of drugs to alleviate these symptoms, such as analgin, Antongding, bupleurum, Qingkailing and other antipyretic analgesic, dexamethasone, prednisone and other glucocorticoids anti-inflammatory, ammonium chloride, potassium iodide, aminophylline, Platycodon grandiflorum, Polygala tenuifolia and other phlegm, cough Relieve asthma.
Methods of administration, dosage and course of treatment: drinking water, mixing materials, inhalation of aerosol, oral administration, injection, etc. Large scale farms often use drinking water, mixing materials and aerosol inhalation, but it can't reach the therapeutic dose for individuals with loss of appetite and loss of appetite. Oral administration, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection and intravenous injection belong to individual administration, and their dosage is accurate. They are suitable for livestock and poultry with loss of appetite, loss of appetite and group administration. The effect of aerosol treatment on respiratory tract diseases is better than that of drinking water, especially poultry. Therefore, it is best to combine drinking water with spray administration in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. The dosage should be determined in strict accordance with the drug instructions, and the dosage should not be changed at will. In the treatment of respiratory tract infection, the course of treatment should be sufficient, especially the use of antibiotics. Generally, after the clinical symptoms of livestock and poultry disappear, drugs can be used for 2-3 days to consolidate the curative effect and prevent the recurrence of the disease.
When a drug can't control serious infection or mixed infection, the cause of disease is unknown and life-threatening serious infection, and the pathogenic bacteria are easy to produce drug resistance, it can be combined according to the bactericidal characteristics and mechanism of the drug. The combination of drugs with the same action site will produce antagonistic effect, while the combination of drugs with different action sites will produce synergistic effect. In addition, some veterinary Chinese patent medicines have the functions of clearing away heat and toxin, strengthening the healthy and eliminating pathogenic factors, antibacterial and antiviral, which can be used in combination with antibiotics and antiviral western medicine to have better disease prevention effect.
4. Prevention of drug resistance in order to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant strains, the following points should be paid attention to when using antibiotics: those that can be used or not should be used as far as possible, and those that can be effective with a single drug need not be combined with drugs; According to the indications, the dosage should be enough and the course of treatment should be sufficient; If the pathogen is unknown, do not use antibiotics easily; In case of drug-resistant bacteria infection, other sensitive drugs should be used for treatment; Avoid long-term medication.
5. Strengthen feeding management. Respiratory diseases of livestock and poultry often occur under stress, which are mostly caused by poor feeding management, such as old feeding facilities and equipment, poor sanitation, poor ventilation, excessive harmful gases, high feeding density, improper immunity, etc. The farm should do a good job of feeding and management, provide a comfortable and healthy environment for livestock and poultry, enhance their disease resistance and reduce the occurrence of respiratory diseases.
â– diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract infection animal health care
The clinical symptoms were as follows: 1. The sick cattle had high temperature, asthma, cough, serous rhinorrhea, and decreased food intake. After 3-5 days, the sick cattle could not lie down for a long time, diarrhea and emaciation. If the sick cattle are not treated in time, they will die.
2 the lesions in the chest and lungs of the sick cattle were obvious. The lungs were widened in varying degrees. There was a large amount of white foam in the trachea and a large amount of fluid accumulated in the chest cavity.
According to the clinical symptoms and the changes of autopsy, the cattle were diagnosed as respiratory tract infection.
Prevention and control of respiratory infection in animals,Prevention and control of respiratory infection in livestock,Prevention and control of respiratory infection in poultry
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