Health vegetable burdock cultivation technology
2019-05-08 15:02:26
The burdock root is tender and crispy and has a delicious taste. Regular consumption of burdock can prevent premature aging of the human body and has the effect of preventing hypertension, diabetes and the like. Therefore, burdock is regarded as a health-care vegetable, which is deeply loved by consumers and has a market development prospect. Its cultivation method is also easy for people to grasp.
1 Variety selection
a. The burdock was introduced from Japan and the plant height was about 100cm. The fleshy roots are oblong, about 65cm in length and 3cm in diameter, all of which is buried in soil. The skin is black and the flesh is white. The single root weighs about 0.5kg. The variety has strong heat resistance and pest resistance, and the petiole and fleshy root are crispy, fragrant, and less moisture, mainly for cooked food.
b. Liuchuan's ideal variety introduced from Japan is widely cultivated in Japan. The fleshy root is 75cm long and the lateral diameter is about 3cm. The roots are round, the roots have few cracks, the appearance of the goods is beautiful, the meat is soft and the aroma is very strong.
c. White skin is imported from Japan. Its fleshy root is 100cm long, its lateral diameter is 3cm, and the epidermis is light brown, and its flesh is soft. The degree of browning of the fleshy roots after peeling is lighter and is welcomed by consumers.
2 Selecting, planting and fertilizing the cultivation of burdock should choose the loam or clay soil land with deep soil layer, convenient drainage and irrigation, and loose fertility. Plowing should be completed as early as possible, and the depth of ploughing should be 40-50cm. After sufficient freezing or drying, the soil should be crushed and leveled. Each hectare should be fully decomposed with 37.5-45.0t of manure or compost, and mixed with superphosphate 450kg and chlorine. Potassium 300kg, turned into the soil, flat. A sorghum with a width of 2 to 3 meters (even a ditch) or a high ridge width of 65 to 70 cm and a height of 15 cm is prepared for planting.
3 Seed treatment and sowing
a. Seed treatment To prevent the occurrence of diseases, seeds should be disinfected before sowing. The seeds were rinsed with fresh water, and then put in 1000 times the amount of seeds of methoxyethyl mercury mercury soak 1h, remove and then put into the water and then soak for 24h, removed after sowing.
b. Seed sowing can be live broadcast, drill or on-demand. When sowing, the row spacing is 30cm (groove depth 3cm), the hectare is about 7.5kg, the on-demand plant spacing is 30cm (20-25cm), and 4 to 5 seeds are planted under each hole. 2cm soil after sowing, if the soil is too wet, the cover soil can be thinner.
4 Field Management
a. Seedlings and seedlings seedlings grow 2 to 3 true leaf time seedlings, drill seeding distance of about 8cm, on-demand seedlings can stay 2 seedlings. When the seedlings have 5 true leaves spread out, the seedlings must be seeded in a timely manner, and the seedling distance of the seedlings is 20 to 25 cm.
b. Before cultivating weeds and soils from the emergence to the seal line, they should be cultivated 2 or 3 times. In addition to eradicating the weeds in the previous cultivating, they can also loosen the soil, increase the temperature, promote root development and seedling growth, and seal lines are conducive to the growth of straight roots. Inflated.
c. Fertilizer management burdock requires more fertilizer, fertilizer should be based on the principle of basal fertilizer and top-dressing. After the first application of fertilizer, 15 tons of excreta or 150 to 225 kg of urea are applied per hectare to promote the growth of roots and seedlings; the second application of fertilizer is performed for 15 to 18 tons of excrement per hectare in order to promote the growth of roots and seedlings. Stem and leaf growth; the third top-dressing at the beginning of the expansion of fleshy roots, applying 22.5 tons of excreta per hectare to promote fleshy root growth, improve yield and quality. The burdock leaf area is larger, the water requirement is more, and it should be timely irrigation in drought, but the amount of water should not be too much for each time, so it is advisable to keep the soil moist. Rainy days should be promptly removed to prevent rot.
d. Pest control The main diseases of burdock are bacterial black spot and powdery mildew. In the rainy season, black spot is easy to occur. It can be controlled by Bordeaux liquid or 50% methicone 500% liquid spray. It is prone to powdery mildew in high temperature season. 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times or 50% thiophanate methyl can be used. 1000 times spray control. 50% phoxim can be used together with the base fertilizer for the underground pests, and 40% omethoate EC can be sprayed and controlled 1000 times for the aphids.
5 Harvesting burdock 100~130d after sowing is suitable for harvesting. Before harvesting, cut the leaves, leave a petiole 15-20cm long, and then dig a 60-70cm deep and 25-35cm wide groove along the side of the burrow, spread the soil, hold the plant base, and diagonally press 75 upwards. , it is easy to pull up the roots of the flesh, wash clean, and then grade, bundled and listed.
1 Variety selection
a. The burdock was introduced from Japan and the plant height was about 100cm. The fleshy roots are oblong, about 65cm in length and 3cm in diameter, all of which is buried in soil. The skin is black and the flesh is white. The single root weighs about 0.5kg. The variety has strong heat resistance and pest resistance, and the petiole and fleshy root are crispy, fragrant, and less moisture, mainly for cooked food.
b. Liuchuan's ideal variety introduced from Japan is widely cultivated in Japan. The fleshy root is 75cm long and the lateral diameter is about 3cm. The roots are round, the roots have few cracks, the appearance of the goods is beautiful, the meat is soft and the aroma is very strong.
c. White skin is imported from Japan. Its fleshy root is 100cm long, its lateral diameter is 3cm, and the epidermis is light brown, and its flesh is soft. The degree of browning of the fleshy roots after peeling is lighter and is welcomed by consumers.
2 Selecting, planting and fertilizing the cultivation of burdock should choose the loam or clay soil land with deep soil layer, convenient drainage and irrigation, and loose fertility. Plowing should be completed as early as possible, and the depth of ploughing should be 40-50cm. After sufficient freezing or drying, the soil should be crushed and leveled. Each hectare should be fully decomposed with 37.5-45.0t of manure or compost, and mixed with superphosphate 450kg and chlorine. Potassium 300kg, turned into the soil, flat. A sorghum with a width of 2 to 3 meters (even a ditch) or a high ridge width of 65 to 70 cm and a height of 15 cm is prepared for planting.
3 Seed treatment and sowing
a. Seed treatment To prevent the occurrence of diseases, seeds should be disinfected before sowing. The seeds were rinsed with fresh water, and then put in 1000 times the amount of seeds of methoxyethyl mercury mercury soak 1h, remove and then put into the water and then soak for 24h, removed after sowing.
b. Seed sowing can be live broadcast, drill or on-demand. When sowing, the row spacing is 30cm (groove depth 3cm), the hectare is about 7.5kg, the on-demand plant spacing is 30cm (20-25cm), and 4 to 5 seeds are planted under each hole. 2cm soil after sowing, if the soil is too wet, the cover soil can be thinner.
4 Field Management
a. Seedlings and seedlings seedlings grow 2 to 3 true leaf time seedlings, drill seeding distance of about 8cm, on-demand seedlings can stay 2 seedlings. When the seedlings have 5 true leaves spread out, the seedlings must be seeded in a timely manner, and the seedling distance of the seedlings is 20 to 25 cm.
b. Before cultivating weeds and soils from the emergence to the seal line, they should be cultivated 2 or 3 times. In addition to eradicating the weeds in the previous cultivating, they can also loosen the soil, increase the temperature, promote root development and seedling growth, and seal lines are conducive to the growth of straight roots. Inflated.
c. Fertilizer management burdock requires more fertilizer, fertilizer should be based on the principle of basal fertilizer and top-dressing. After the first application of fertilizer, 15 tons of excreta or 150 to 225 kg of urea are applied per hectare to promote the growth of roots and seedlings; the second application of fertilizer is performed for 15 to 18 tons of excrement per hectare in order to promote the growth of roots and seedlings. Stem and leaf growth; the third top-dressing at the beginning of the expansion of fleshy roots, applying 22.5 tons of excreta per hectare to promote fleshy root growth, improve yield and quality. The burdock leaf area is larger, the water requirement is more, and it should be timely irrigation in drought, but the amount of water should not be too much for each time, so it is advisable to keep the soil moist. Rainy days should be promptly removed to prevent rot.
d. Pest control The main diseases of burdock are bacterial black spot and powdery mildew. In the rainy season, black spot is easy to occur. It can be controlled by Bordeaux liquid or 50% methicone 500% liquid spray. It is prone to powdery mildew in high temperature season. 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times or 50% thiophanate methyl can be used. 1000 times spray control. 50% phoxim can be used together with the base fertilizer for the underground pests, and 40% omethoate EC can be sprayed and controlled 1000 times for the aphids.
5 Harvesting burdock 100~130d after sowing is suitable for harvesting. Before harvesting, cut the leaves, leave a petiole 15-20cm long, and then dig a 60-70cm deep and 25-35cm wide groove along the side of the burrow, spread the soil, hold the plant base, and diagonally press 75 upwards. , it is easy to pull up the roots of the flesh, wash clean, and then grade, bundled and listed.
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