Method for creating high yield of loofah in greenhouse
First, the variety selection
Greenhouse loofah should use varieties with strong plant growth, cold tolerance and strong adaptability, such as cylindrical loofah.
Second, soil preparation and fertilization
Before sowing, combined with ploughing, 1/15 hectares of high-quality manure is more than 5,000 kg. After leveling, the ditch is planted along the planting line, and 50 kg of calcium phosphate, 25 kg of potassium sulfate, or decomposed cake fertilizer is applied per 1/15 hectare. 100 kilograms, then seal the ridges and prepare for planting.
Third, planting time and cultivation methods
The loofah can be broadcast live in mid-October, and it can also be transplanted. The cultivation method is generally carried out by ridge size, with a large row spacing of 70 cm, a small row spacing of 60 cm, a plant spacing of 30 cm, and 3,400 plants per 1/15 hectare.
Fourth, sowing, seedling
Soak seeds with 50-60 ° C warm water for 10 minutes before sowing, soak for 24 hours after cooling, take out the mixture and place them at 28 ~ 32 °C for germination, rinse once a day with water, and sown when most of the seeds are exposed. When planting, the bottom water should be poured first, and the soil should be covered with 1.5 cm after sowing. The live field can be sown on both sides of the ridge, and the seedlings can be unearthed in 3 to 4 days. When the seedlings grow to 1 or 2 true leaves, the live seeding field can carry out the seedlings, and the planting fields can be transplanted, leaving only 1 strong seedlings per hole.
V. Inter-shed management
1. Adjusting the temperature and light. The loofah requires higher temperature during the growth period. The optimum temperature for growth is 20-24 °C, and the optimum temperature for fruit development is 24-28 °C; the growth is slow at 15 °C, and the low ground is 10 °C. Growth is inhibited. During the management, the temperature in the greenhouse during the day is maintained at 25 to 30 ° C, and at night it is maintained at around 18 ° C. Before the gourd is vine, the grass can be used to properly control the sunshine time to promote stem and leaf growth and female flower differentiation. In the flowering period, it is necessary to open the grasshoppers in a timely manner and make full use of the sunlight to raise the temperature.
2, timely watering and topdressing loofah seedlings water demand is not large, depending on the situation, suitable for pouring small water 1 or 2 times, when the vine grows to about 5 cm, combined with re-cultivation, every 1/15 hectare chasing potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30 Kilograms, pouring water once. After the flowering result, the water is usually poured once every 7 to 8 days, and 5 kg of urea is applied every 1/15 hectare.
3, the truss truss, the plant adjusts the stem of the loofah up to 7 ~ 8 meters, when the vine grows to about 25 cm, you need to frame. In order to reduce the space occupied by the poles and the sunshade, it is generally directly attached to the greenhouse bracket by wire or nylon rope, so that it forms a single-row vertical frame, the top does not cross, and the vines are vertically oriented according to the original planting row spacing and density. After the vine is put on the shelf, each 4 to 5 leaves are tied once, and the "S" shape can be used.
4, the flower preservation fruit with 2.4 to 4 days to paint, can reduce the flower, significantly improve the fruit set rate. When the temperature is high, the concentration is 20×10E-6, and when it is low, it is 30×10E-6. It can be applied to the head of the female flower and the base of the corolla by brushing the sputum, or directly immersing the flower in the liquid. The application time should be around 8:00.
5, pest control The main diseases of loofah are anthracnose, epidemic disease, gray mold, can be controlled by pesticides such as carbendazim, chlorothalonil and polymyxin. Insect pests mainly include melon and whitefly, and can be controlled by fish vine essence and broom spirit.
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