Duck breeding management technology

Meat ducks have the advantages of fast growth, short feeding cycle, easy feeding, and less disease. At present, raising ducks has become one of the most important pillar industries for farmers to increase their income and make a good living. The technical points of duck breeding mainly include the following aspects:

Breeds and ducklings selection

The main varieties are mainly cherry valley ducks and ducks. Ducklings should be hatched at the same time, the size is uniform, the umbilical cord is contracted, the eyes are big, there are more active, the fluff is shiny, and the young ducks that struggle with their hands are struggling. All ducklings with abdomen, sudden movements, blinking, stomping, deformity, and underweight have a low survival rate and grow slowly.

Selection of environmental conditions

The duck house should be built in a place with high ground, dry environment, flat ground, sunny ventilation, south-facing, abundant water source, good water quality, no pollution, and no noise. Stay away from traffic main roads and close to the water sources such as Shanpingtang, reservoirs and Xihe. Better slopes. The temperature of the duck house is kept between l6°C and 24°C. The humidity should not be high and the light is sufficient. Sinks, troughs, and do not close, slightly separated. The environmental conditions must be relatively stable.

Feeding management of ducklings

Feeding preparation Prepare a brooding room, a breeding shed (a broiler shed can be changed to a duck shed, an additional playground), equipment and tools, etc. in accordance with the rearing plan. Strictly sterilize the brooding room (including walls, floors, tools, etc.). The space was added to 15 grams of potassium permanganate by using 30 ml of formalin per cubic meter. After 24 hours of closed fumigation, the doors and windows were opened and the gas was exhausted. The heating, heat insulation and ventilation equipment were checked to ensure normal operation; the day before the hatching was completed. The brooding room should be warmed, and at the same time checked whether it can reach the temperature requirements for brooding.

Brooding conditions on the first day of brooding temperature of 30 °C ~ 32 °C, after every 3 days decrement by 1 °C, gradually desuperheating, so that ducklings evenly distributed, temperature and humidity remained stable. Ducklings can be warmed, underground flue, wood-fired stoves, coal stoves, infrared lamps, etc. can be used, but good ventilation and prevention of carbon monoxide poisoning and fire should be taken. One-day to three-day-old days can be used day and night light, just turn on the lights sooner or later after 4 days of age. Ducklings with playgrounds and pools should also be trained.

Drinking water and eating ducklings should master the principle of “drinking water early, eating early, drinking water first, and eating after eating”. Ducklings drink 0.02% potassium permanganate or 5% dextrose in water within 24 hours. About 1 hour after drinking, you can feed them. For the first time, you can use crushed corn, crushed black beans, and crushed brown rice. After the above ingredients are boiled, put them into the clear water and dip them. Feeds that are fed for the first time are required to be free from raw, hard, hot, rotten and sticky. Sprinkle it on a tarpaulin or plastic sheet and spread it evenly. The second time you can switch to the whole duck pellet feed. Feeding should follow the principle of less to add.

The start of eating should be done after opening the drink. When the food is eaten, the feed is placed on a feed tray or burlap and eaten freely. The padding is selected from dry, pollution-free straw, chaff or linen. The litter should be changed frequently to reduce harmful gases or dirt.

Feed selection can use full-price pellet feed or concentrate (premix) and corn, soybean cake, bran, etc. in accordance with the required ratio of self-provisioned full price material. To prevent the imbalance of protein and energy; to add vitamins, trace elements, etc., reasonably and properly, with full-price materials, attention should be paid to the ratio of calcium to phosphorus (2:1), to prevent unreasonable ingredients from causing unsteadiness, unsteady walking, diarrhea, Physiological disorders such as feathers. Cage-fed ducks do not get enough sunlight because of lack of exercise. They also need vitamin AD, sodium selenite, vitamin E, and cod liver oil. In addition, changes in feed ratios and types should be gradual.

The feeding method is to increase the feed remuneration, generally feeding 6 times per day and night within 1 week of age. There should be no leftover material in the dish at the time of feeding, so that the fresh feed should be provided for the second time; after 2 weeks of age, the feeding should be done 5 times a day and night. It is advisable to have no leftovers within 1 hour prior to each feeding to minimize feed wastage.

The feeding principle is: If the feed is finished within 2 hours to 3 hours, the amount of feed should be appropriately increased; otherwise, the amount of feed should be appropriately reduced. Always maintain a proper breakage time to ensure that the ducklings eat peaks and promote the growth of ducklings.

Daily management should constantly observe the ducks' activities, timely adjust the temperature, humidity, ventilation, light, ensure adequate and clean drinking water, and feed high-quality feeds as required to keep the duck houses and the environment clean and hygienic. Moisture, feed does not agglomerate, but also should be done in place for epidemic prevention. The dead and dead ducks should be buried in a safe and sound manner to prevent the spread of the disease.

Disease prevention and control If ducks are to be well-maintained and profitable, the prevention and control of duck diseases must be done well. First of all, we should start from improving the disease resistance of the duck body and adopt comprehensive protective measures to prevent pathogens from invading the duckling body. In order to eliminate or cut off the three links (infectious sources, routes of transmission, and susceptible animals) that contribute to the epidemic of infectious diseases, the principle of “prevention first, prevention and control combined, and prevention and prevention of treatment” should be implemented, and comprehensive protective measures should be taken to ensure Duck industry development. Protective measures include:

Staff must have high sense of responsibility and strong awareness of prevention of disease. In order to prevent the spread of duck disease through people, the admission of people outside the duck farm should be strictly controlled. In particular, ducklings should be strictly prohibited between ducklings. Single-variety production should be implemented to ensure full access; Inoculation. At present, there are four serious diseases that endanger ducks: high pathogenic avian influenza, duckling viral hepatitis, duck plague, and serositis. The first three are viral diseases. Once the disease occurs, there is no cure and it must be controlled through vaccination.

The duckling disease immune reference program: 1-day-old, duck quail vaccine subcutaneously in the neck; 5-day-old, duck infectious serositis and intramuscular injection of E. coli vaccine; 8-day-old, duck hepatitis virus freeze-dried seedling subcutaneous Injection; duck bird flu vaccine immunization time according to the vaccine instructions to prevent the occurrence of bird flu. Duck plague, duck contagious serotonitis, E. coli, duck viral hepatitis, etc. should read the instructions carefully before immunization, and strictly follow the vaccine instructions.

Drug prevention: Mortality of ducks mainly occurs within 2 weeks of age. Poultry multidimensional can be intermittently added to drinking water within 1 week of age to enhance the resistance of ducklings; meanwhile, the day-to-day-age of 5 days is 0.02. % Potassium permanganate solution drinking water; 6-day to 8-day-old drinking water with sandfloxacin; 9-day-old 13-day-old replaced with potassium permanganate; 14 days old to 16-day-old switch to enemy bacteria net, The use of cross-drug prevention has good results and low drug prices. After the ducks appear abnormal feces, etc., in the drinking water to add antibiotics or quinolones for prevention and control, to ensure that healthy and rapid growth of meat ducks, reduce mortality, improve the effectiveness of duck.

Regular disinfection in addition to doing a good job of common duck disease prevention, but also often disinfection, duck house, sports ground, pool, disinfection in the summer 3 days; winter disinfection once a week; half a month drinking water disinfection once. The litter and excrement are changed frequently. Sinks and troughs are cleaned and disinfected. In case of epidemic diseases, it is disinfected every day.

The timely delivery of meat ducks to 45 days of age, weight to 2.5 kg to 3 kg should be immediately sold to raise the duck reward.

In order to prevent secondary infections, pigs with severe diarrhea were given antibiotics in a prophylactic amount and care was taken at the same time.

When storing potatoes, keep them in a cool, dry place to prevent germination. It is better not to feed the pigs that have germinated or rotted or the skin becomes green. The last time you can remove the rotten parts, peel and soaked or vinegar to make the toxins destroyed, then go to the soup and feed again.

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