Forest ginseng planting technology and benefit analysis
The wild ginseng and the wild ginseng are the same in botany. The difference is that the wild ginseng grows naturally under the forest. The general growth period is longer, some more than ten years, decades, even as long as a hundred years, the nutritional value. Both medicinal and medicinal values ​​are high.
First, planting technology
1, the choice of woodland. The tree age is more than 20 years. It is better to use broadleaf trees such as eucalyptus, white birch, eucalyptus, hawthorn, walnut autumn, and color tree. Under the forest, there are also shrubs such as hazel wood, Lespedegrass, Acanthopanax, Schisandra, etc., and herb plants such as Artemisia vulgaris, Vicia sinica, and Broadleaf platyphylla, which form a double layer of shading, and the canopy density is preferably 0.6-0.8. The soil requires rich organic matter. It must be fertile, loose, and not waterlogged. The soil temperature is suitable and the water storage is good. The air humidity is 40-80% and the soil moisture is about 40-50%. The slope of the woodland should be below 25 degrees, and the slope should be in the southeast, north slope and west slope.
2, planting under the forest. Under the forest seed propagation cultivation of wild ginseng, one is in the choice of good woodland, spring and autumn sowing seeds and fresh seeds sowed in summer and autumn; the other is spring and autumn seed sowing seeds. Seed sowing seeds can be excavated earlier than sowing dry seeds. When seeds are sown, 6-8 cm long holes are opened first, and each seed is sown with 2 seeds. The distance is 20 cm. The other is a 100 cm hole with 5 seeds per hole and a certain distance between the seeds. Do not open the hole too much. Do not destroy the fibrous roots, grass roots, and turf around the hole. In the hole, 60% of loess is lived, the depth of the hole is 8 cm, and the seed depth is 3 cm. The practice is: before the seeding, the inside of the hole is evenly soiled, leveled, and then grooved 3 cm, and a thin stone piece is laid under the seed. (The stone piece is a large five-cent coin is appropriate.) Where there is no stone piece, linear The loess hand-kneaded the pancake and then placed the seeds on the loaf cake. Then cover 3-4 cm thick leaves.
Another method for sowing wild seeds under the forest is to use no sticking points. Use wooden sticks that are 20 centimeters long and 1 centimeter thick. Sharpen one end. In the selected woodland, make sure that the seeded land is gartered. Deep 4-5. In centimeters, 20 centimeters apart, put 1 seed from each hole to screen the appressed root tips, and then cover the holes and return the litter to the original position.
3, transplanting under the forest. From the two-year-old or three-year-old garden seedlings, pick the recursive changlu, which is similar to the Hengling body, rooted in eight-character, sapling clear seedlings and transplanted to the forest. It is appropriate before the beginning of summer in mid-October or spring. To open a round-shaped hole, the diameter of the hole is 10-12cm (mainly based on the length of the seedling fibrous root). The depth of the hole must reach 10 cm, mix with live loess to flatten the hole surface. Before transplanting, acupuncture soil should be opened to a depth of 6 cm and a piece of thin stone or pure loess earth cake should be placed against the main body of ginseng seedlings. Then the seedlings should be placed on it, and the form of the ginseng should be covered with a layer of live loess. Mix the uniform black loess (black loess ratio 4:6) on the ground, 5 cm higher than the original ground to prevent pits from sinking and forming small pits. After covering the soil, cover it with 5-6 cm thick leaves. Conditional buds can be removed to encourage root weight gain.
In the forest, whether it is seedlings or climbing seedlings, it is necessary to prevent rat damage (tank rat). The development of ginseng under the forest is the most serious pest hazard, and it is necessary to take various measures to prevent and control it.
With regard to the current development of the technology of ginseng under the forest, seedlings and seedlings of the climbing ginseng will reproduce some minor diseases after the emergence of the ginseng, but they do not need to be controlled by chemicals. Because the sowing density is larger, the natural seedling maintenance rate is sufficient for growth, and it will achieve very high economic benefits. However, if there is a piece of dead disease, a small amount of chemicals can be used for prevention and treatment, refer to the ginseng disease prevention and treatment measures for treatment. However, the drug concentration should be reduced, depending on the age of the participants.
Second, the effectiveness of the analysis of conventional planting due to the selection of different varieties, the effectiveness is also different from the choice of ordinary Damaya, two horses mixed species, for example, generally used sowing plant spacing 2020 cm (3 per hole), the streak spacing 1020 cm ( 1-2 tablets per hole).
1. Input: A total of 1200 yuan will be required for the total investment per mu. Among them: The seed cost is 150 yuan. (1.5 kg/mu 100 yuan/kg), clearing plant sowing time fee 75 yuan (3 workers/mu 25 yuan/person), management care costs 800 yuan (3000 yuan/person 30 mu/person 8 years), rat Drug 160 yuan (20 yuan/year mu 8 years), other costs 15 yuan.
2. Output and benefits: Calculated according to an effective area of ​​400 square meters. Seed output value: 2250 yuan. (average 3 kg/year mu 150 yuan/kg 5 years). Product value: 12-240000 yuan. (Seedling maintenance rate is 10-20%, 1000-2000 strains are reserved in mu, and 15 grams per plant is calculated, ie, 33-mu yield per catty is 15-30 kg, and the unit price is 0.800 yuan/kg).
If the two-horse ginseng species and the long-neck species are selected, the benefits will be even greater. Therefore, the cultivation of wild ginseng under the forest is a good way to get rich.
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