Feeding Red Tilapia in Two Stages with Soybean Meal Feed
2019-07-08 13:05:07
The American Soybean Association (ASA) cooperated with the Beijing Fisheries Technology Extension Station and its fish farm in Haikou City, Hainan Province, and the National Fisheries Technology Generalization Station to carry out a six-month pilot demonstration of red tilapia pond culture. Designed to demonstrate the use of the American Soybean Association's soymeal feed and the 80:20 culture model, from red tilapia fingerlings cultured in two stages to commercial specifications for growth and economic performance.
Material and method tests were conducted in two 2.5-acre (0.17-ha) fish ponds and one 2.0-mu (0.13 ha) fish pond in the Hainan Fish Breeding Farm in Haikou, Hainan Province. The average depth of the fishing pond is about 1.5 meters. All ponds are equipped with water change and aeration equipment.
The red tilapia test stock size was 1.0 g/tail and was produced by Hainan Fish Farm. The trial adopts a two-stage farming system. In the first stage, the fry are cultured to large-scale fish species, and then stocked at a lower density and reared to the commercial specifications. In the first stage, the stocking of red tilapia fingerlings in three fish ponds was carried out in late April 2004. The stocking density was 4000 tails/mu (60,000 tails/ha), and it was matched with 1,000 catfish/acre (15000 tails). / Hectare). The stocks of three fish ponds were the same size and age when stocking. The target specification for the first stage of red tilapia breeding is 50 g per tail. In the second stage, the red tilapia stocking density in the three fishing ponds is 800 tails/mu (12,000 tail/ha), and the stocking stock is 200 tails/mu (3000 tails/ha). The target merchandise specification for the second phase of red tilapia cultivation is 500 grams.
When the red tilapia fry was between 1 and 3 grams, the American Soybean Association fed 41/11 powdered fry feed (Table 1). After 3 g of domestication, 36/7 soymeal-type fingerling puffed pellets were domesticated to the American Soybean Association (Table 2). When the fish species grew to 50 grams, the red tilapia was converted to the American Soybean Association's 32/6 soybean meal-type extruded floating adult pellet feed (Table 3). All feeds were formulated by the American Soybean Association and produced by the Fushou Feed Factory in Xiamen, Fujian Province. Tilapia cultured red tilapia was fed twice a day and each time was fed until it was full. At the same time, the amount of feed was the same for each of the three ponds.
The day-to-day management of aquaculture trials was conducted in accordance with the American Soybean Association's 80:20 pond culture model. On the same day of the month, all fishing ponds are sampled once. At the end of the trial, all fish pond dry ponds were counted and weighed, and the average fish weight, gross yield and net yield, feed conversion rate (FCR) and survival rate were calculated. During the trial period, record the cost of each aquaculture investment and calculate the net income and return on investment (ROI) at the end of the trial. At the time of harvest, the red tilapia was uniform in size, bright in color, and perfect in shape.
Results From April 27 to October 25, 2004, red tilapia was cultured for a total of 172 days. During the first 62 days of culture, red tilapia grew from 1.0 g to an average of 51.3 g (Table 4). The average gross production of red tilapia culture was 205.3 kg/mu (or 3079.5 kg/ha). The average survival rate of red tilapia is 99.6%. The average feed conversion rate of red tilapia to the American Soybean Association's fry and fingerling feeds was 0.97:1.
During the second period of 110 days of breeding, red tilapia grew from 50 grams to an average of 573 grams (Table 4). The average gross aquaculture production was 452 kg/mu (6780 kg/ha) of red tilapia and 55.6 kg/mu (834 kg/ha) of whitefish. The average survival rates of red tilapia and white plover were 98.5% and 95.5%, respectively. The average feed conversion rate of red tilapia to the American Soybean Association 32/6 whole plant protein soy meal was 1.16:1. The cost of feed (including shipping) per kilogram of fish produced is RMB 5.42 (US$0.66). When the market price of red tilapia was RMB 20/kg, the average net income of breeding was 5,823 yuan/mu (US$705/ha).
Summary and conclusions Red tilapia exhibited excellent growth performance and good feed conversion efficiency for soybean meal fry, fingerling and adult fish feed. During 172 days of culture, red tilapia grew rapidly from 1 gram to 573 grams, confirming that red tilapia could be cultured from fry to commercial specifications during a growing season. The average feed conversion rate of red tilapia from fry to adult fish was 1.07:1 during the entire culture period. No fish disease occurred during the trial. Because no drugs are used, the cultured products are safe green aquatic products.
Material and method tests were conducted in two 2.5-acre (0.17-ha) fish ponds and one 2.0-mu (0.13 ha) fish pond in the Hainan Fish Breeding Farm in Haikou, Hainan Province. The average depth of the fishing pond is about 1.5 meters. All ponds are equipped with water change and aeration equipment.
The red tilapia test stock size was 1.0 g/tail and was produced by Hainan Fish Farm. The trial adopts a two-stage farming system. In the first stage, the fry are cultured to large-scale fish species, and then stocked at a lower density and reared to the commercial specifications. In the first stage, the stocking of red tilapia fingerlings in three fish ponds was carried out in late April 2004. The stocking density was 4000 tails/mu (60,000 tails/ha), and it was matched with 1,000 catfish/acre (15000 tails). / Hectare). The stocks of three fish ponds were the same size and age when stocking. The target specification for the first stage of red tilapia breeding is 50 g per tail. In the second stage, the red tilapia stocking density in the three fishing ponds is 800 tails/mu (12,000 tail/ha), and the stocking stock is 200 tails/mu (3000 tails/ha). The target merchandise specification for the second phase of red tilapia cultivation is 500 grams.
When the red tilapia fry was between 1 and 3 grams, the American Soybean Association fed 41/11 powdered fry feed (Table 1). After 3 g of domestication, 36/7 soymeal-type fingerling puffed pellets were domesticated to the American Soybean Association (Table 2). When the fish species grew to 50 grams, the red tilapia was converted to the American Soybean Association's 32/6 soybean meal-type extruded floating adult pellet feed (Table 3). All feeds were formulated by the American Soybean Association and produced by the Fushou Feed Factory in Xiamen, Fujian Province. Tilapia cultured red tilapia was fed twice a day and each time was fed until it was full. At the same time, the amount of feed was the same for each of the three ponds.
The day-to-day management of aquaculture trials was conducted in accordance with the American Soybean Association's 80:20 pond culture model. On the same day of the month, all fishing ponds are sampled once. At the end of the trial, all fish pond dry ponds were counted and weighed, and the average fish weight, gross yield and net yield, feed conversion rate (FCR) and survival rate were calculated. During the trial period, record the cost of each aquaculture investment and calculate the net income and return on investment (ROI) at the end of the trial. At the time of harvest, the red tilapia was uniform in size, bright in color, and perfect in shape.
Results From April 27 to October 25, 2004, red tilapia was cultured for a total of 172 days. During the first 62 days of culture, red tilapia grew from 1.0 g to an average of 51.3 g (Table 4). The average gross production of red tilapia culture was 205.3 kg/mu (or 3079.5 kg/ha). The average survival rate of red tilapia is 99.6%. The average feed conversion rate of red tilapia to the American Soybean Association's fry and fingerling feeds was 0.97:1.
During the second period of 110 days of breeding, red tilapia grew from 50 grams to an average of 573 grams (Table 4). The average gross aquaculture production was 452 kg/mu (6780 kg/ha) of red tilapia and 55.6 kg/mu (834 kg/ha) of whitefish. The average survival rates of red tilapia and white plover were 98.5% and 95.5%, respectively. The average feed conversion rate of red tilapia to the American Soybean Association 32/6 whole plant protein soy meal was 1.16:1. The cost of feed (including shipping) per kilogram of fish produced is RMB 5.42 (US$0.66). When the market price of red tilapia was RMB 20/kg, the average net income of breeding was 5,823 yuan/mu (US$705/ha).
Summary and conclusions Red tilapia exhibited excellent growth performance and good feed conversion efficiency for soybean meal fry, fingerling and adult fish feed. During 172 days of culture, red tilapia grew rapidly from 1 gram to 573 grams, confirming that red tilapia could be cultured from fry to commercial specifications during a growing season. The average feed conversion rate of red tilapia from fry to adult fish was 1.07:1 during the entire culture period. No fish disease occurred during the trial. Because no drugs are used, the cultured products are safe green aquatic products.
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