Cultivation techniques for high yield of cucumber in open field

In summer, due to the high temperature and rain and the outbreak of pests and diseases, the production of open-field cucumbers in summer and autumn has been seriously affected. After several years of production practice, we have summarized a set of high-yield technologies suitable for open-field cultivation of summer and autumn cucumbers. Now we will introduce them as follows.

One, choose good varieties

Cucumbers are cultivated in the open field in summer and autumn, and should be mainly heat-resistant and disease-resistant varieties, and can choose Jinchun 4, Jinza 2, Xiafeng and other varieties.

2. Land preparation, fertilization, and upsetting

Due to the rainy summer and easy loss of fertilizers, organic fertilizers should be reapplied. Before soil preparation, 667m2 should be applied with 4000-5000kg decomposed ring fertilizer. The soil preparation should not be deep, but should be about 15cm to avoid deep ploughing and flooding.

Make a border after the ground preparation. For cucumber cultivation in summer and autumn, small high borders or high ridges must be used instead of flat borders to avoid waterlogging. The method of making a border is:

1. The width of the small high border is 50cm, the height is 20cm, and the width of the border is 70cm. Plant 2 rows of cucumbers on both sides of the Xiaogaoqi with a plant spacing of 20-25cm.

2. The high ridge first makes the high border, the border surface is 70cm wide, the ditch width is 50cm, and then a small ditch about 20cm deep is opened in the middle of the high border, and the seeds can be sowed inside the small ditch after watering in the small ditch.

While making the borders, drainage ditches must be made in advance to prepare for drainage after rain.

Three, sowing

The planting time can be arranged from mid-June to early July according to the stubble time of the previous crop. Live broadcast is often used, and seedlings can also be transplanted. Due to the weak summer temperature, the melon seedlings can be planted appropriately, usually 5000-5500 plants are planted on 667m2.

Fourth, field management

1. Fixed seedlings and supplementary seedlings, when seedlings grow true leaves, start thinning and supplementing seedlings. Due to heavy rains and pests in summer, it is advisable to fix seedlings sooner rather than later, so as not to make up for lack of seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 3 to 4 true leaves, the seedlings are determined.

2. Shallow cultivating should be carried out after weeding and seedling emergence to promote rooting of seedlings and prevent excessive growth. Before fruiting, it has to be cultivated many times, and the focus is on weeding.

3. After the drainage and sowing, the drainage ditch should be repaired, the channel reinforced, and the debris at the bottom of the ditch should be removed. Once the weather changes, the drainage borders should be opened, and the stagnant water should be removed in time when it rains heavily.

4. Topdressing and watering the open field in summer and autumn, and special attention should be paid to preventing waterlogging. Watering depends on the sky and the ground. During the seedling stage, a little chemical fertilizer can be applied to promote the growth of the seedlings. After fruiting, topdressing is generally done once every 10-15 days, and 10-15kg of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer is applied every 667m2. Sufficient fertilizer and water during the fruiting period. When the weather turns cooler after the “heat”, you can spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.1% boric acid solution on the leaves to prevent melons from turning.

5. Planting, pruning, tying the vines and setting the seedlings immediately after watering, and combining with vines for pruning. Most of the varieties cultivated in summer and autumn have side vines, but the base side vines are not left, and the middle and upper side vines can leave a few more leaves as appropriate.

Five, pest control

Cucumbers in summer and autumn open fields have more pests and diseases, and they should be sprayed regularly and focus on prevention and control. Diseases mainly include downy mildew, powdery mildew, anthracnose and angular spot, etc. Downy mildew can be used with 72% Dupont Crow wettable powder 600-800 times liquid; powdery mildew can be used with 15% powdery mildew wettable powder 1500 times liquid; anthracnose The disease can be treated with 50% anthrax thiram wettable powder 500 times liquid; bacterial keratoderma can be sprayed with 30% DT fungicide 500 times liquid. Pests mainly include aphids, mites, etc., use 40% dimethoate EC 1000 times liquid or 20% Aifuding No. 2 1500 times liquid spray to control.

Six, harvest

The high temperature in summer and autumn only takes 40-50 days from sowing to harvesting. The weather gradually cools after the fruit is set, and the harvest time is not strict.

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