Scientific species of sweet potato do not have high yields
2020-02-20 05:06:09
The selection of improved varieties and the cultivation of strong seedlings are based on the characteristics of sweet potato varieties and the use of high-yielding varieties for cultivation purposes. In the spring potato area, mid-maturing varieties with tolerant fertilizers, fast seedlings, early potato crops, multiple tubers and neat, and long-lasting tubers should be selected. In areas where food is mainly consumed, Sushu No. 8, Anping No. 1, Xushu No. 34, Xushu No. 23, etc. can be selected; in the regions with processed starch, Meiying No. 1, SL-19, Yushu 12, Yuba 13 can be selected. Etc.; for the purpose of dual use, Yushu 9 and Jishu No. 10 were selected; for special purposes such as fruit and feed, Yushu No. 10 with high carotene content, high moisture content, and high yield was selected.
Deep plowing and soil improvement, ridging and planting in early spring, apply organic fertilizer in open trenches, cover soil, and protect soil. When ridges are applied, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers are first applied to the ridges, and then a high-pitched ridge having a height of 35 cm, a bottom width of 90 to 100 cm, and a ridge width of about 20 cm is made. For clay-type potato fields, cinder, pulverized coal ash, and fine sand can be added to improve the soil.
Early and timely planting, reasonable and close-growing sweet potato to obtain more than 5,000 kilograms per mu production, generally requires about 180 days of growth. To this end, we must do a good job of early planting this juncture and properly delay the use of it to maximize the use of natural growth conditions and prolong the growth period. The appropriate planting time in our province is around April 15 and the planting is completed by April 25 at the latest. In order to plant as early as possible, it is also possible to use a mulching technique in combination with mulching, so that planting time can be advanced by more than 10 days. In terms of planting density, there are two ways for sweet potato to seize high yields: First, rely on dense planting to increase the yield of the group to obtain high yield, and close planting fields can plant 5000 plants per acre; second, rely on large piles and sparse planting to fully tap individual yield-increasing potential to achieve high yields. Only 500 or so per acre are planted in thin plots. Judging from the experience of various regions, it is easier to obtain high yields without planting dense plants. The typical experience of high-yield production in various regions has proven that 3000-5000 plants per acre can be planted with high ridges of 33-36 cm. No matter whether it is a single row or a double row, it can achieve a high yield of around 5,000 kg. The density has a great relationship with the varieties. Short-matured varieties such as Yushu 6 and Yushu 10 are suitable for culturing 4000~4500 plants per acre; medium-length vine species such as Xushu 22, Yushu 13, SL-19, etc. Planting 3000~3500 plants per acre is appropriate. Single row planting is conducive to tuber enlargement. In terms of planting methods, the method of horizontal shallow planting or boat-shaped planting can be used, and the soil intakes are all about 3 cm deep. This wide variation of temperature difference between day and night is conducive to the formation of tubers, and the number of tubers is neat and tidy.
Reasonable fertilization, control of stem and leaf tubers and premature sweet potatoes require the most potassium, followed by nitrogen and less phosphorus. According to the experience of high-yield fertilization of sweet potato in different regions, the temperature in spring in the northern potato region is low, and the high temperature in the summer is short. The principle of higher soil nutrients in the early growth stage, excessive quantity in the middle stage, and no defertilization in the later stage should be mastered. At the same time, we must look at the soil strength, fertility should be based on poor fertility material; see the weather, the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the following year; look at the long, lower than the indicators of the phase should be appropriate to increase fertilization material to promote growth, and vice versa should control fertilizer; Varieties, short vines and fertilizers are suitable for fertilization, and long vines should be controlled for fertilizers. The types of fertilization are dominated by soil miscellaneous fertilizers, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, and combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizers. Fertilizer amount: Mid-fertility of 4,500 kilograms of earth-fertilizer per mu, 40 to 100 kilograms of superphosphate, 150 to 250 kilograms of plant ash, or 30 to 40 kilograms of potassium sulfate; and 75,000 to 10,000 kilograms of soil fertility per acre. Kg, phosphate fertilizer 40-50 kg, plant ash 250 kg or potassium sulfate 40 kg, ammonium carbonate 10-15 kg. Fertilization method: The main fertilizer is base fertilizer, combined with deep deep fertilization and layered fertilization. The amount of base fertilizer accounts for 75%~80% of the total amount. The fertilizer is inconvenient. When planting, use 3 kg of urea per acre, and add 2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to dissolve 1000 to 1500 kg of water. Use nest fertilizer instead of seedling fertilizer to promote strong seedlings. In the first half of June, when the growth of stems and leaves is less than 300 kg per acre, nitrogen fertilizer or special sweet potato fertilizer is appropriately topdressed as a joint potato fertilizer. From late August to early September, when the dry weight of stems and leaves dropped too fast and the weight was reduced by more than 20 kilograms per acre, 1 kg of urea, 1 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 100 kg of water per acre were used for spraying. High-yielding fields should be timely controlled. The time from the round to the ridge stage is appropriate. Spraying with 15% paclobutrazol leaves can be performed again.
Deep plowing and soil improvement, ridging and planting in early spring, apply organic fertilizer in open trenches, cover soil, and protect soil. When ridges are applied, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers are first applied to the ridges, and then a high-pitched ridge having a height of 35 cm, a bottom width of 90 to 100 cm, and a ridge width of about 20 cm is made. For clay-type potato fields, cinder, pulverized coal ash, and fine sand can be added to improve the soil.
Early and timely planting, reasonable and close-growing sweet potato to obtain more than 5,000 kilograms per mu production, generally requires about 180 days of growth. To this end, we must do a good job of early planting this juncture and properly delay the use of it to maximize the use of natural growth conditions and prolong the growth period. The appropriate planting time in our province is around April 15 and the planting is completed by April 25 at the latest. In order to plant as early as possible, it is also possible to use a mulching technique in combination with mulching, so that planting time can be advanced by more than 10 days. In terms of planting density, there are two ways for sweet potato to seize high yields: First, rely on dense planting to increase the yield of the group to obtain high yield, and close planting fields can plant 5000 plants per acre; second, rely on large piles and sparse planting to fully tap individual yield-increasing potential to achieve high yields. Only 500 or so per acre are planted in thin plots. Judging from the experience of various regions, it is easier to obtain high yields without planting dense plants. The typical experience of high-yield production in various regions has proven that 3000-5000 plants per acre can be planted with high ridges of 33-36 cm. No matter whether it is a single row or a double row, it can achieve a high yield of around 5,000 kg. The density has a great relationship with the varieties. Short-matured varieties such as Yushu 6 and Yushu 10 are suitable for culturing 4000~4500 plants per acre; medium-length vine species such as Xushu 22, Yushu 13, SL-19, etc. Planting 3000~3500 plants per acre is appropriate. Single row planting is conducive to tuber enlargement. In terms of planting methods, the method of horizontal shallow planting or boat-shaped planting can be used, and the soil intakes are all about 3 cm deep. This wide variation of temperature difference between day and night is conducive to the formation of tubers, and the number of tubers is neat and tidy.
Reasonable fertilization, control of stem and leaf tubers and premature sweet potatoes require the most potassium, followed by nitrogen and less phosphorus. According to the experience of high-yield fertilization of sweet potato in different regions, the temperature in spring in the northern potato region is low, and the high temperature in the summer is short. The principle of higher soil nutrients in the early growth stage, excessive quantity in the middle stage, and no defertilization in the later stage should be mastered. At the same time, we must look at the soil strength, fertility should be based on poor fertility material; see the weather, the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the following year; look at the long, lower than the indicators of the phase should be appropriate to increase fertilization material to promote growth, and vice versa should control fertilizer; Varieties, short vines and fertilizers are suitable for fertilization, and long vines should be controlled for fertilizers. The types of fertilization are dominated by soil miscellaneous fertilizers, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, and combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizers. Fertilizer amount: Mid-fertility of 4,500 kilograms of earth-fertilizer per mu, 40 to 100 kilograms of superphosphate, 150 to 250 kilograms of plant ash, or 30 to 40 kilograms of potassium sulfate; and 75,000 to 10,000 kilograms of soil fertility per acre. Kg, phosphate fertilizer 40-50 kg, plant ash 250 kg or potassium sulfate 40 kg, ammonium carbonate 10-15 kg. Fertilization method: The main fertilizer is base fertilizer, combined with deep deep fertilization and layered fertilization. The amount of base fertilizer accounts for 75%~80% of the total amount. The fertilizer is inconvenient. When planting, use 3 kg of urea per acre, and add 2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to dissolve 1000 to 1500 kg of water. Use nest fertilizer instead of seedling fertilizer to promote strong seedlings. In the first half of June, when the growth of stems and leaves is less than 300 kg per acre, nitrogen fertilizer or special sweet potato fertilizer is appropriately topdressed as a joint potato fertilizer. From late August to early September, when the dry weight of stems and leaves dropped too fast and the weight was reduced by more than 20 kilograms per acre, 1 kg of urea, 1 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 100 kg of water per acre were used for spraying. High-yielding fields should be timely controlled. The time from the round to the ridge stage is appropriate. Spraying with 15% paclobutrazol leaves can be performed again.
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