Sugarcane pineapple disease

Symptoms China's sugar cane production areas generally occur. Both ends of the cane seedling incision began to turn red, with a pineapple fragrance, gradually turning black and producing a lot of black coal powder or bristles. The former is the conidia and chlamydospores of pathogens. The ascospora shells, the bacteria spread rapidly from the ends of the incision to the center of the stem, so that the parenchyma cells were destroyed, resulting in seedlings to form a cavity, leaving only a bundle of hair-like vascular bundles in it. Sugarcane leaves withered from the sugarcane strain withered, shrinking and darkening of the skin, and severe plant death.

The pathogen Ceratocystis paradoxa (Dode) Moreau called the strange long pod shell, belonging to the phylum Ascomycotina. The anamorphosis state is Thielaviopsis paradoxa (de Seynes) V. Hohnel said that S. mirabilis is a fungus belonging to the genus Deuteromycotina. On the medium, the ascus capsule is spherical, colorless to light-colored, long and thin, black, shiny; ascospore-shaped to nearly club-shaped, endogenetically eight single-cell oval ascospores. The asexual state produces small conidia and chlamydospores. The former is a short cylinder with a rectangular shape or a thin wall, which is initially colorless, and turns brown afterwards. The chlamydospores are spherical to elliptic, with thick walls, yellow-brown to dark brown, surrounded by spiny processes, and chlamydospores are arranged in a chain and are produced on short spores. It resists adverse environmental conditions and can sleep in the soil for more than 4 years.

Transmission routes and pathogenic conditions The pathogenic bacteria in mycelium or chlamydial spores lurk in diseased tissues or fall into the soil for winter, and when conditions are appropriate, they invade from the wound of the host seedlings, causing initial infection. The mycelium grows in the parenchyma of the cane pulp and produces conidia and chlamydospores at the incision. Conidia are easy to germinate and can be infested by air, soil, irrigation water, and cane fly insects. Seedlings are infected through contact during cellaring. The incidence of high temperature and drought after the fall of the planting sugarcane is very light. When there is a storm or typhoon, the incidence rate is as high as 90%. After planting sugarcane in spring, the ground temperature was lower than 19°C or there was a long period of cloudy rain, and the incidence was heavy. In addition, soil viscosity, compaction, low waterlogging in the sugarcane fields, humidity, and heavy onset.

Prevention methods (1) Advocate the selection of disease-free shoots, germination and rapid onset of light. (2) Seedlings must be sterilized after soaking, which is the key to the success of sugarcane planting. Before planting, dip in 2% lime water or fresh water for 1 day, and then use 50% carbendazim WP or 36% thiophanate-methyl suspension or 50% benomyl WP 1000 times to dilute the seedlings 5 ​​to 10 Minute disinfection. The cane seedlings in the cellar can be soaked in the cuts with 0.2% of the above liquid. The frequently-occurring sugarcane area applies 75kg of lime per 667m2 of land. (3) When planting sugarcane in winter and spring, the mulching is used to increase the ground temperature so that the sugarcane can grow quickly and reduce the incidence. (4) For intensive cultivation, the soil with high soil viscosity and high water level should be broken and leveled, drained and drained. (5) Select disease resistant varieties such as Guangdong 3, Cane 64/395, and Co281.

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