Technical points for raising cows in winter and spring
2019-09-19 14:05:09
1 cowshed environment
1.1 Insulation: Dairy cows have a cold and heat-tolerant habit. In winter and spring, especially in the north, it is extremely cold. Therefore, the temperature of the cowshed should generally be maintained at 8 to 16°C. When the cold air intrudes and the temperature suddenly drops, close the rear window and ventilation holes in time to ensure the temperature of the barn. In particular, the cows of pregnant cows and high-yielding dairy cows should be appropriately warmed to ensure that the temperature in the house is between 16 and 20°C, and the shepherd temperature of the newborn yak should be maintained at 35 to 38°C.
1.2 Moisture protection: To keep the cow house well ventilated, the humidity should not be too large, and the relative humidity should not exceed 55%. If the humidity is too high, the cow will be strongly stimulated. This will not only affect the production of the dairy cow, but also cause cows to develop rickets, and it is not conducive to the hygiene of the cowshed. Therefore, ventilation should be done every day to eliminate excrement in a timely manner, keeping the house clean, dry, and fresh air.
2 feed
2.1 To ensure diversification of feeds: After winter, as dairy cows are affected by the cold environment, the feed ratio should be adjusted immediately to maintain diversification. (1) In terms of dietary supply, the protein feed should not change, and the proportion of energy feed should be increased (the supply of cornmeal should be increased by 30% to 40%). (2) In terms of roughage, it is necessary to guarantee the feeding of feeds such as silage, roots and distiller's grains to replace the summer and autumn cows' intake of green and blue juicy feed.
2.2 Appropriate amount of supplementary feeding: In the winter and spring seasons, especially in the north, the feed composition of dairy cows is relatively single, so it is necessary to add appropriate amounts of calcium, phosphorus and urea in the diet. (1) Be sure to add calcium and phosphorus 5 to 15g/head per day in the diet. (2) Feed urea in the feed to supplement the deficiency of protein feed. Generally, calves of more than 6 months of age are fed 30-50g per head, bred cattle are fed 70-90g per head, and adult cows are fed 150g per day. Around the head. However, urea is poor in palatability, and it can be mixed with 1% of the concentrate and fed with grass. It is not advisable to drink water within half an hour after feeding. (3) Feeding 15% of carrots in the diet can make milking cows produce 25% more milk, or feed 7g/head of synthetic carotene preparations in the diet to make milking cows in a milking period. 200kg milk production.
3 Management
3.1 Drinking and water must be warmed up: In the winter and spring, especially in the cold regions of the north, cows drink cold water, which not only consumes heat energy from the cows, but also causes the body temperature of dairy cows to drop by 2 to 3°C, often causing the cows to have a fever. Indigestion or indigestion may cause diseases such as retention of the placenta. It can also cause mammary glands to contract and inhibit lactation and affect milk production. (1) Suitable drinking water temperature is generally: 12 to 14°C for cows, 15 to 16°C for milk and pregnant cows, and 37 to 38°C for calves. (2) Wash the water temperature of the breast: Before the milking of the cows, use a dry towel to soak in warm water of 45-50°C, scrub the breasts and nipples thoroughly, and then massage the breasts. After 1 to 2 minutes, the breasts swell, the nipples swell, the milk veins swell, and the breast sphincter relaxes. When milk reflection occurs, milking can begin immediately. Remember not to scrub the nipples with hot or cold water, otherwise the cows are irritated and have an inhibitory effect on the reflection of milk and reduce milk production.
3.2 Feeding Hot Congee: Northern cold winter season has a colder winter and spring season. Don't feed frozen ingredients. It is best to feed dairy cows with hot congee at 38°C, which can not only increase the cold resistance of cows, but also promote the production of dairy cows. The lactation function increases milk production. In particular, the 1kg feed of lactating cows at night is processed into a hot porridge at 38°C, which can effectively increase milk production by 13% or more. The practice of hot porridge is: first use a small amount of water to dilute the powdered fine material, the powder meal is developed, until the water in the pot is boiled, pour it in, and stir until it is boiled for 5 to 10 minutes, the proportion of feed water is 1: ( 10-15). A small amount of salt can be added to the porridge to increase palatability while reducing the risk of fire and inflammation.
3.3 To increase artificial lighting time: Due to the short winter and spring seasons, especially the light shortage in the cowhouse, it is very important to take artificial light. Light can promote blood circulation and increase milk production. The daily light output of a dairy cow usually reaches 16 hours per day (with fluorescent lamps installed), which can guarantee that the milk production will increase by more than 18%.
3.4 Keep brushing the body of the cow: Sticking to the daily brushing of the body of the cow not only keeps the cow clean, but also promotes skin blood circulation and metabolism, which helps to regulate body temperature and enhance disease resistance. It also increases milk production. . Therefore, to brush twice a day, morning and evening, every 4 to 5 minutes, to brush to the body parts of the body.
3.5 do a good job with winter work: Cows usually have "summer with spring, winter with autumn" argument. Xiajiao not only affects abortion, but also affects milk production. The advantage of wintering is that it has a high conception rate. It can also avoid hot summer calving and help dairy cows increase milk production. Therefore, it is recommended that dairy farmers do not miss the task of mating the winter cows.
4 Disease prevention
4.1 Immunization: After entering the winter, the cattle must be vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease vaccines and other vaccines to prevent cow infectious diseases. The immunization rate must be 100%.
4.2 Insecticide: Dairy cows are most likely to infect parasites after summer and fall seasons. In particular, the digestive tract parasites have the greatest number of diseases and are very harmful. They not only affect the health of dairy cows, but also reduce the milk production of dairy cows. Therefore, the deworming measures should be taken immediately after the cows enter the winter. In general, insecticides such as broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, and low-toxicity ivermectin or thiabendazole can be used to feed cattle fasting mixes at one time, so that dairy cows can produce more than 400 kg of milk in a lactation period, and milk can be increased. The effect is very significant.
4.3 Sterilization: After cleaning the barn every morning and evening in the winter and spring seasons, milk must be used to spray cowshed aisles and corridors for thorough disinfection to prevent the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. At the same time, the cattle farm shall be fully disinfected once a week with lime milk, and the cattle pens, feeding troughs and utensils shall be scrubbed and disinfected with 10% to 20% bleaching liquid once. Foreign visitors are prohibited from entering or leaving.
3. Feature: strongly spicy, milk white flesh, naturally bright color, no burnt, no mouldy, no broken, no dirt skins, no mechanical damaged, roots cleaness.
4. Size: 5.0-5.5cm,5.5-6.0cm, 6.0-6.5cm
5. Packing:
a) 500g/braid, 10kgs/carton;
b) 1kg/braid, 10kgs/ctn
c) or packed according to clients' requirements.
6. Braid length: 30cm-60cm
7. Supply period: all the year round
a) Fresh Garlic: early June to end August
b) Cold storaged garlic: early September to the next middle May
8. Transporting and storing temperature: -3°C--+2°C
1.1 Insulation: Dairy cows have a cold and heat-tolerant habit. In winter and spring, especially in the north, it is extremely cold. Therefore, the temperature of the cowshed should generally be maintained at 8 to 16°C. When the cold air intrudes and the temperature suddenly drops, close the rear window and ventilation holes in time to ensure the temperature of the barn. In particular, the cows of pregnant cows and high-yielding dairy cows should be appropriately warmed to ensure that the temperature in the house is between 16 and 20°C, and the shepherd temperature of the newborn yak should be maintained at 35 to 38°C.
1.2 Moisture protection: To keep the cow house well ventilated, the humidity should not be too large, and the relative humidity should not exceed 55%. If the humidity is too high, the cow will be strongly stimulated. This will not only affect the production of the dairy cow, but also cause cows to develop rickets, and it is not conducive to the hygiene of the cowshed. Therefore, ventilation should be done every day to eliminate excrement in a timely manner, keeping the house clean, dry, and fresh air.
2 feed
2.1 To ensure diversification of feeds: After winter, as dairy cows are affected by the cold environment, the feed ratio should be adjusted immediately to maintain diversification. (1) In terms of dietary supply, the protein feed should not change, and the proportion of energy feed should be increased (the supply of cornmeal should be increased by 30% to 40%). (2) In terms of roughage, it is necessary to guarantee the feeding of feeds such as silage, roots and distiller's grains to replace the summer and autumn cows' intake of green and blue juicy feed.
2.2 Appropriate amount of supplementary feeding: In the winter and spring seasons, especially in the north, the feed composition of dairy cows is relatively single, so it is necessary to add appropriate amounts of calcium, phosphorus and urea in the diet. (1) Be sure to add calcium and phosphorus 5 to 15g/head per day in the diet. (2) Feed urea in the feed to supplement the deficiency of protein feed. Generally, calves of more than 6 months of age are fed 30-50g per head, bred cattle are fed 70-90g per head, and adult cows are fed 150g per day. Around the head. However, urea is poor in palatability, and it can be mixed with 1% of the concentrate and fed with grass. It is not advisable to drink water within half an hour after feeding. (3) Feeding 15% of carrots in the diet can make milking cows produce 25% more milk, or feed 7g/head of synthetic carotene preparations in the diet to make milking cows in a milking period. 200kg milk production.
3 Management
3.1 Drinking and water must be warmed up: In the winter and spring, especially in the cold regions of the north, cows drink cold water, which not only consumes heat energy from the cows, but also causes the body temperature of dairy cows to drop by 2 to 3°C, often causing the cows to have a fever. Indigestion or indigestion may cause diseases such as retention of the placenta. It can also cause mammary glands to contract and inhibit lactation and affect milk production. (1) Suitable drinking water temperature is generally: 12 to 14°C for cows, 15 to 16°C for milk and pregnant cows, and 37 to 38°C for calves. (2) Wash the water temperature of the breast: Before the milking of the cows, use a dry towel to soak in warm water of 45-50°C, scrub the breasts and nipples thoroughly, and then massage the breasts. After 1 to 2 minutes, the breasts swell, the nipples swell, the milk veins swell, and the breast sphincter relaxes. When milk reflection occurs, milking can begin immediately. Remember not to scrub the nipples with hot or cold water, otherwise the cows are irritated and have an inhibitory effect on the reflection of milk and reduce milk production.
3.2 Feeding Hot Congee: Northern cold winter season has a colder winter and spring season. Don't feed frozen ingredients. It is best to feed dairy cows with hot congee at 38°C, which can not only increase the cold resistance of cows, but also promote the production of dairy cows. The lactation function increases milk production. In particular, the 1kg feed of lactating cows at night is processed into a hot porridge at 38°C, which can effectively increase milk production by 13% or more. The practice of hot porridge is: first use a small amount of water to dilute the powdered fine material, the powder meal is developed, until the water in the pot is boiled, pour it in, and stir until it is boiled for 5 to 10 minutes, the proportion of feed water is 1: ( 10-15). A small amount of salt can be added to the porridge to increase palatability while reducing the risk of fire and inflammation.
3.3 To increase artificial lighting time: Due to the short winter and spring seasons, especially the light shortage in the cowhouse, it is very important to take artificial light. Light can promote blood circulation and increase milk production. The daily light output of a dairy cow usually reaches 16 hours per day (with fluorescent lamps installed), which can guarantee that the milk production will increase by more than 18%.
3.4 Keep brushing the body of the cow: Sticking to the daily brushing of the body of the cow not only keeps the cow clean, but also promotes skin blood circulation and metabolism, which helps to regulate body temperature and enhance disease resistance. It also increases milk production. . Therefore, to brush twice a day, morning and evening, every 4 to 5 minutes, to brush to the body parts of the body.
3.5 do a good job with winter work: Cows usually have "summer with spring, winter with autumn" argument. Xiajiao not only affects abortion, but also affects milk production. The advantage of wintering is that it has a high conception rate. It can also avoid hot summer calving and help dairy cows increase milk production. Therefore, it is recommended that dairy farmers do not miss the task of mating the winter cows.
4 Disease prevention
4.1 Immunization: After entering the winter, the cattle must be vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease vaccines and other vaccines to prevent cow infectious diseases. The immunization rate must be 100%.
4.2 Insecticide: Dairy cows are most likely to infect parasites after summer and fall seasons. In particular, the digestive tract parasites have the greatest number of diseases and are very harmful. They not only affect the health of dairy cows, but also reduce the milk production of dairy cows. Therefore, the deworming measures should be taken immediately after the cows enter the winter. In general, insecticides such as broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, and low-toxicity ivermectin or thiabendazole can be used to feed cattle fasting mixes at one time, so that dairy cows can produce more than 400 kg of milk in a lactation period, and milk can be increased. The effect is very significant.
4.3 Sterilization: After cleaning the barn every morning and evening in the winter and spring seasons, milk must be used to spray cowshed aisles and corridors for thorough disinfection to prevent the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. At the same time, the cattle farm shall be fully disinfected once a week with lime milk, and the cattle pens, feeding troughs and utensils shall be scrubbed and disinfected with 10% to 20% bleaching liquid once. Foreign visitors are prohibited from entering or leaving.
We can supply Garlic Braids all the year round. The garlic braids range from 8 to 22 bulbs per braids.The garlic braids can be packed in small bags or cartons.We can also satisfy the packing and the length of braids you desire. The garlic braids order should be placed before garlic harvesting in China.
1. Commodity name: garlic braids
2. Variety: Normal White Garlic and Pure White Garlic3. Feature: strongly spicy, milk white flesh, naturally bright color, no burnt, no mouldy, no broken, no dirt skins, no mechanical damaged, roots cleaness.
4. Size: 5.0-5.5cm,5.5-6.0cm, 6.0-6.5cm
5. Packing:
a) 500g/braid, 10kgs/carton;
b) 1kg/braid, 10kgs/ctn
c) or packed according to clients' requirements.
6. Braid length: 30cm-60cm
7. Supply period: all the year round
a) Fresh Garlic: early June to end August
b) Cold storaged garlic: early September to the next middle May
8. Transporting and storing temperature: -3°C--+2°C
9. Shelf life: stored for up to 12 months in the proper conditions
Garlic Braids
Garlic Braids,Fresh Garlic Braid,White Garlic Braid,Normal Garlic Braids
JINING FORICH FRUITS & VEGETABLES CO., LTD. , https://www.forichgarlic.com