It's time to plant small fruits and tomatoes in spring
In the past two years, there were fewer types of small-fruited tomatoes on the local market, most of them were “Virgin womenâ€, and occasionally some golden-yellow small-fruited tomatoes were sold, but their sugar content and flavor were much lower than those of red small tomatoes. In the red tomato, "Cuihong" and "Dragon Girl" are considered to be good products. Their greatest feature is that the quality is better than the "Virgin Girl" on the market, and the plant type is good during the growth process. The most important is its high sugar content and good flavor! In the case of trial planting in the Sichuan Plain in the past two years, the most suitable cultivation time is to plant seedlings from mid-January to late February, and the quality and yield will be affected after sowing in more than two months.
Cultivate strong seedlings
It is best to use nutritional seedlings. In order to prevent disease and budding, seeds should be disinfected before sowing. In practice, seeds can be soaked in 12.5% ​​trisodium phosphate aqueous solution for 20 minutes, then rinsed with running water for 1 hour, then dried and then sowed. Third, at 55°C. Soak in warm water for 30 minutes and let dry. Soils, dry compost, sand and rice husks are mixed in loam, dry compost, sand, and rice husks in a ratio of 3:1:l:1, sieved, added with appropriate amount of compound fertilizer and superphosphate, and then placed in pots before pouring. Water, sowing 1 grain per pod and covering about 0.5 cm of fine-grained culture soil. Due to the cold weather, we must pay attention to thermal insulation and raise seedlings in the hotbed. Usually about 4 days can emerge. It is advisable to have a seedling age of 30-40 days. In the seedling period, fertilizer can be sprayed in a timely manner, and a mixed solution of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed to cultivate strong seedlings.
Planting and Transplanting
The plots for planting small fruit and tomatoes should be selected from sandy loam with deep, fertile and well-drained soil. The pH of the soil is suitable at 6.8-7.5 (because of acid rain, the general soil is usually acidic, and it can be adjusted with alkaline hydrated lime. ). Former crops should be planted with non-solana fruit to reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases. The planted plot should be filled with basal fertilisers, with 2000-3500 kilograms of organic manure per acre (more than 60-l00 kilograms of animal bone powder per acre), 80 kilograms of superphosphate, 20 kilograms of potassium chloride, and evenly spread on the ground. , and then deep plowing and construction. This season is generally wide and even ditch l.2 meters, planting 2 lines, spaced 70-80 cm, 50 cm spacing, acres planted 1200, after the best cover with plastic film, it can play a role in water, fertilizer, Exempt the effect of weeding and other measures, and timely make good irrigation ditch and drainage ditch after soil preparation to achieve deep ditch sorghum. Before transplanting, transplant plantar water before planting. After planting and transplanting to field, plant the seedlings from the bottom of the plant to prevent root hair damage. This will reduce the time for seedling sowing. The fixed water after planting can be combined with a 1000-1500 times thiophanate-methyl solution to prevent rot and increase the survival rate of seedlings.
Field management
top dressing. Small fruit tomatoes require large amounts of fertilizer. In addition to base fertilizers, the most effective nitrogen fertilizers are available from flowering to the fruiting period, but too much or too little will affect the yield. Mainly grasped three times, the first time in about 14 days after planting, the second time in about 35 days after planting, the third time in the first harvest, depending on the growth of plants to determine the amount of fertilizer, generally 7.5 kg per acre. Right and left urea is appropriate, later with the plant grow, fertilization should be the main spraying.
Pruning and weeding. Pruning begins 3-4 weeks after colonization. The above described two kinds of tomato have a little difference in pruning. The crimson red fruit tomato adopts double-pole pruning method, which means that the first buds between the buds of the first bud and the first flower of the flower of the first panicle are between the buds, and the rest of the buds should be young. Remove in time, so as not to waste nutrients, affect plant growth, if the growth is not very strong then do not have to pruning, Dragon fruit tomatoes should be promptly removed from the lateral shoots of all lateral buds. Planting the field is very easy to breed weeds, should be removed in time, the results should be to avoid loosening the soil on the surface of the plant after the plant grows, so as not to damage the roots, causing disease and stagnation, should be sprayed with herbicides or artificial grass in time To prevent the occurrence of weeds, we should also timely remove the weeds in the trenches.
Bracket. About 20 days after planting, the 1.8-2.5 high herringbone props should be inserted as early as possible during pruning, and the branches should be tied to the pillars to prevent lodging and affect the yield. Fix the brackets so that the wind won't shake.
Flowering: Due to the low temperature in the early period and affecting the tomato fruit, it is necessary to carry out flowering, and it can be used to set fruit or tomato flower to ensure the early yield. In the areas with gray mold, the procymidone and other drugs can be added to the solution. Ill, pay attention to match with the use. Because the technology is not easy to grasp, it is best not to use 2,4-D.
Fertilizer management. Tomatoes require higher moisture, and we should always keep the soil moist, especially during the result period. However, it is not as good as getting wet. Excessive humidity can easily cause multiple diseases. Due to the influence of internal and external factors, small tomatoes can easily fall and fall, so pay attention to fertilizer and water management to make plants grow vigorously (avoid application of nitrogenous fertilizers), flowering fines, sweet fruit essences and other foliar fertilizers are often sprayed to promote flower protection and fruit protection. Improve the fruit's marketability.
Topping. Fruit tomatoes produce more fruit per ear, and 20-30 fruits with good fruit set per panicle can be selected and the rest removed. Generally, when the first panicle is released, the plants are still weak, so they should be removed to facilitate the growth of the plants. If the inflorescences are too long and have too many flowers afterwards, some of them can be removed as appropriate to reduce the number of fruits per panicle and fruit size. The shape is larger and the quality is better (too much, the shape is smaller).
Timely harvest
Generally, the harvesting date is determined according to the length of the transport distance. Close-range transport can be harvested after the fruit is completely reddened, and most of the fruits are harvested after long-distance transport. The local sales should be harvested when it is fully mature. Keep sepals and a fruit handle at the time of collection. (Chengdu Agricultural Quality Monitoring Center)
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